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Efficacy of Three Numerical Presentation Formats on Lay People’s Comprehension and Risk Perception of Fact Boxes—A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

Author

Listed:
  • Pascal Aubertin

    (Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany)

  • Thomas Frese

    (Institute of General Medicine, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany)

  • Jürgen Kasper

    (Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0176 Oslo, Norway)

  • Wilfried Mau

    (Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany)

  • Gabriele Meyer

    (Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany)

  • Rafael Mikolajczyk

    (Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany)

  • Matthias Richter

    (Institute of Medical Sociology, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany)

  • Jan Schildmann

    (Institute for History and Ethics of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany)

  • Anke Steckelberg

    (Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany)

Abstract

(1) Background: Fact boxes present the benefits and harms of medical interventions in the form of tables. Some studies suggest that people with a lower level of education could profit more from graphic presentations. The objective of the study was to compare three different formats in fact boxes with regard to verbatim and gist knowledge in general and according to the educational background. (2) Methods: In May 2020, recruitment started for this randomized controlled trial. Participants were given one out of three presentation formats: natural frequencies, percentages, and graphic. We used Limesurvey ® to assess comprehension/risk perception as the primary outcome. The Kruskal–Wallis test and the Mann–Whitney U test were used in addition to descriptive analyses. (3) Results: A total of 227 people took part in the study. Results of the groups were nearly identical in relation to the primary outcome verbatim knowledge, likewise in gist knowledge. However, participants with lower educational qualifications differed from participants with higher educational qualifications in terms of verbatim knowledge in the group percentages. (4) Conclusions: The results indicate that all three forms of presentation are suitable for conveying the content. Further research should take the individual preferences regarding the format into account.

Suggested Citation

  • Pascal Aubertin & Thomas Frese & Jürgen Kasper & Wilfried Mau & Gabriele Meyer & Rafael Mikolajczyk & Matthias Richter & Jan Schildmann & Anke Steckelberg, 2023. "Efficacy of Three Numerical Presentation Formats on Lay People’s Comprehension and Risk Perception of Fact Boxes—A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-16, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:3:p:2165-:d:1046389
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kenneth F Schulz & Douglas G Altman & David Moher & for the CONSORT Group, 2010. "CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Parallel Group Randomised Trials," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(3), pages 1-7, March.
    2. Lisa M. Schwartz & Steven Woloshin & H. Gilbert Welch, 2007. "The Drug Facts Box: Providing Consumers with Simple Tabular Data on Drug Benefit and Harm," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 27(5), pages 655-662, September.
    3. Kathryn J. Aikin & Amie C. O’Donoghue & John L. Swasy & Helen W. Sullivan, 2011. "Randomized Trial of Risk Information Formats in Direct-to-Consumer Prescription Drug Advertisements," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 31(6), pages 23-33, November.
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