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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Level of Physical Activity, Emotional State, and Health Habits of Women in Late Pregnancy and Early Puerperium

Author

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  • Daria Kołomańska-Bogucka

    (Department of Biomechanics and Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Science, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawińska 8, 31-066 Krakow, Poland)

  • Natalia Pławiak

    (University Hospital in Krakow, Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688 Krakow, Poland)

  • Agnieszka I. Mazur-Bialy

    (Department of Biomechanics and Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Science, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawińska 8, 31-066 Krakow, Poland)

Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the level of physical activity in the last trimester, the risk of developing postnatal depression, and general health habits in late pregnancy and the early postpartum period. Methods: The study population was women 1–8 days postpartum. Participants were divided into three groups depending on when they were recruited: (1) prepandemic (Ppan: n = 252, December 2019–March 2020), (2) COVID1 group (Cov1: n = 262, May 2020–September 2020), and (3) COVID2 group (Cov2: n = 226, June 2021–September 2021). The Ppan group included women from before the pandemic. The Cov1 group included patients after some restrictions were lifted. The Cov2 group included women after vaccinations became available. Research tools included a demographical questionnaire (age, education, childbirth details), the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ), the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and the Health Behavior Inventory (IZZ). Results: Regression analysis showed that regardless of other variables, women who gave birth during the pandemic spent less energy on total physical activity compared to the prepandemic group (Cov1: β = −18.930, 95%CI: −36.499 to −1.361; Cov2: β = −26.527, 95%CI: −44.322 to −8.733). We also found that as the risk of depression increased, engagement in general health habits decreased during the pandemic. Conclusions: The Covid-19 pandemic decreased the level of some subdomains of physical activity in pregnant women, with a general negative correlation between emotional state and healthy habits.

Suggested Citation

  • Daria Kołomańska-Bogucka & Natalia Pławiak & Agnieszka I. Mazur-Bialy, 2023. "The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Level of Physical Activity, Emotional State, and Health Habits of Women in Late Pregnancy and Early Puerperium," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-17, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:3:p:1852-:d:1040943
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Joanna Baran & Katarzyna Kalandyk-Osinko & Rafał Baran, 2022. "Does Prenatal Physical Activity Affect the Occurrence of Postnatal Anxiety and Depression? Longitudinal Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-12, February.
    2. Yingfei Zhang & Zheng Feei Ma, 2021. "Psychological responses and lifestyle changes among pregnant women with respect to the early stages of COVID-19 pandemic," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 67(4), pages 344-350, June.
    3. Anja Oechsle & Michel Wensing & Charlotte Ullrich & Manuela Bombana, 2020. "Health Knowledge of Lifestyle-Related Risks during Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study of Pregnant Women in Germany," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-18, November.
    4. Lou Atkinson & Marlize De Vivo & Louise Hayes & Kathryn R. Hesketh & Hayley Mills & James J. Newham & Ellinor K. Olander & Debbie M. Smith, 2020. "Encouraging Physical Activity during and after Pregnancy in the COVID-19 Era, and beyond," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-9, October.
    5. Daria Kołomańska-Bogucka & Agnieszka Micek & Agnieszka I. Mazur-Bialy, 2022. "The COVID-19 Pandemic and Levels of Physical Activity in the Last Trimester, Life Satisfaction and Perceived Stress in Late Pregnancy and in the Early Puerperium," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-17, March.
    6. Justyna Krzepota & Dorota Sadowska & Elżbieta Biernat, 2018. "Relationships between Physical Activity and Quality of Life in Pregnant Women in the Second and Third Trimester," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-12, December.
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