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Spatial Aspects of Health—Developing a Conceptual Framework

Author

Listed:
  • Jobst Augustin

    (Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany)

  • Valerie Andrees

    (Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany)

  • David Walsh

    (Glasgow Centre for Population Health, Glasgow G40 2QH, UK)

  • Ralf Reintjes

    (Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, 20999 Hamburg, Germany
    Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland)

  • Daniela Koller

    (IBE—Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany)

Abstract

Numerous studies and models address the determinants of health. However, in existing models, the spatial aspects of the determinants are not or only marginally taken into account and a theoretical discussion of the association between space and the determinants of health is missing. The aim of this paper is to generate a framework that can be used to place the determinants of health in a spatial context. A screening of the current first serves to identify the relevant determinants and describes the current state of knowledge. In addition, spatial scales that are important for the spatial consideration of health were developed and discussed. Based on these two steps, the conceptual framework on the spatial determinants of health was derived and subsequently discussed. The results show a variety of determinants that are associated with health from a spatial point of view. The overarching categories are global driving forces, policy and governance, living and physical environment, socio-demographic and economic conditions, healthcare services and cultural and working conditions. Three spatial scales (macro, meso and micro) are further subdivided into six levels, such as global (e.g., continents), regional (e.g., council areas) or neighbourhood (e.g., communities). The combination of the determinants and spatial scales are presented within a conceptual framework as a result of this work. Operating mechanisms and pathways between the spatial levels were added schematically. This is the first conceptual framework that links the determinants of health with the spatial perspective. It can form the working basis for future analyses in which spatial aspects of health are taken into account.

Suggested Citation

  • Jobst Augustin & Valerie Andrees & David Walsh & Ralf Reintjes & Daniela Koller, 2023. "Spatial Aspects of Health—Developing a Conceptual Framework," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:3:p:1817-:d:1040582
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    References listed on IDEAS

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