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Prevalence of Anemia among Children and Adolescents of Bangladesh: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

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  • Shoumik Kundu

    (Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh)

  • Sayeda Sadia Alam

    (Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh)

  • Md Al-Tareq Mia

    (Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh)

  • Tareq Hossan

    (Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
    Department of Bone Marrow Transplant, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA)

  • Phil Hider

    (Department of Population Health, University of Otago, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand)

  • Md. Ibrahim Khalil

    (Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh)

  • Kamarul Imran Musa

    (Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia)

  • Md Asiful Islam

    (Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia
    Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK)

Abstract

The prevalence of anemia is high among children and adolescents in low- and middle-income countries because of undernutrition resulting from their poor socioeconomic status and lack of knowledge on proper nutrition. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the prevalence of anemia among children and adolescents aged between 6 months and 19 years in Bangladesh. Databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched to identify the studies that reported the prevalence of anemia among children and adolescents. A total of 24 studies, including the data of 14,062 cases, were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis of the time period between 1997 and 2019. The random-effects model was used to calculate the summary estimates. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021246960). The pooled prevalence of anemia, iron deficiency anemia (IDA), and non-severe and severe anemia were 46.8% [95% CI: 36.0–57.6], 13.6% [95% CI: 8.0–19.2], 56.4% [95% CI: 39.6–73.1] and 0.7% [95% CI: 0.1–1.4], respectively. Prevalence of anemia exhibited the highest among the children aged ≤2 years. Briefly, 91.67% of the studies were of high quality. No significant publication bias was found; however, two outlier studies were detected. The prevalence of anemia among children and adolescents was estimated as high in Bangladesh.

Suggested Citation

  • Shoumik Kundu & Sayeda Sadia Alam & Md Al-Tareq Mia & Tareq Hossan & Phil Hider & Md. Ibrahim Khalil & Kamarul Imran Musa & Md Asiful Islam, 2023. "Prevalence of Anemia among Children and Adolescents of Bangladesh: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:3:p:1786-:d:1040198
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Khalid Hajissa & Md Asiful Islam & Siti Asma Hassan & Abdul Rahman Zaidah & Nabilah Ismail & Zeehaida Mohamed, 2022. "Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-14, June.
    2. Viechtbauer, Wolfgang, 2010. "Conducting Meta-Analyses in R with the metafor Package," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 36(i03).
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