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Race- and Gender-Specific Associations between Neighborhood-Level Socioeconomic Status and Body Mass Index: Evidence from the Southern Community Cohort Study

Author

Listed:
  • Lauren Giurini

    (Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
    Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA)

  • Loren Lipworth

    (Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA)

  • Harvey J. Murff

    (Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA)

  • Wei Zheng

    (Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA)

  • Shaneda Warren Andersen

    (Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
    Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
    Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA)

Abstract

Obesity and a low socioeconomic status (SES), measured at the neighborhood level, are more common among Americans of Black race and with a low individual-level SES. We examined the association between the neighborhood SES and body mass index (BMI) using data from 80,970 participants in the Southern Community Cohort Study, a cohort that oversamples Black and low-SES participants. BMI (kg/m 2 ) was examined both continuously and categorically using cut points defined by the CDC. Neighborhood SES was measured using a neighborhood deprivation index composed of census-tract variables in the domains of education, employment, occupation, housing, and poverty. Generally, the participants in lower-SES neighborhoods were more likely to have a higher BMI and to be considered obese. We found effect modification by race and sex, where the neighborhood-BMI association was most apparent in White female participants in all the quintiles of the neighborhood SES (OR Q2 = 1.55, 95%CI = 1.34, 1.78; OR Q3 = 1.71, 95%CI = 1.48, 1.98; OR Q4 = 1.76, 95%CI = 1.52, 2.03; OR Q5 = 1.64, 95%SE = 1.39, 1.93). Conversely, the neighborhood-BMI association was mostly null in Black male participants (OR Q2 = 0.91, 95%CI = 0.72, 1.15; OR Q3 = 1.05, 95%CI = 0.84, 1.31; β Q4 = 1.00, 95%CI = 0.81, 1.23; OR Q5 = 0.76, 95%CI = 0.63, 0.93). Within all the subgroups, the associations were attenuated or null in participants residing in the lowest-SES neighborhoods. These findings suggest that the associations between the neighborhood SES and BMI vary, and that other factors aside from the neighborhood SES may better predict the BMI in Black and low-SES groups.

Suggested Citation

  • Lauren Giurini & Loren Lipworth & Harvey J. Murff & Wei Zheng & Shaneda Warren Andersen, 2023. "Race- and Gender-Specific Associations between Neighborhood-Level Socioeconomic Status and Body Mass Index: Evidence from the Southern Community Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(23), pages 1-11, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:23:p:7122-:d:1291167
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    References listed on IDEAS

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