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Myopia and Near Work: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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  • Frédéric Dutheil

    (Preventive and Occupational Medicine, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, CNRS, LaPSCo, Université Clermont Auvergne, WittyFit, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Tharwa Oueslati

    (Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand (CHU), 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Louis Delamarre

    (Preventive and Occupational Medicine, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, CNRS, LaPSCo, Université Clermont Auvergne, WittyFit, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
    Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital of Marseille, Hopital Nord—Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13015 Marseille, France)

  • Joris Castanon

    (Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand (CHU), 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

  • Caroline Maurin

    (Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand (CHU), 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

  • Frédéric Chiambaretta

    (Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand (CHU), 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

  • Julien S. Baker

    (Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Physical Education and Health, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong)

  • Ukadike C. Ugbolue

    (School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow G72 0LH, UK)

  • Marek Zak

    (Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy, The Jan Kochanowski University, 25-369 Kielce, Poland)

  • Ines Lakbar

    (Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital of Marseille, Hopital Nord—Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13015 Marseille, France)

  • Bruno Pereira

    (Biostatitics, Clinical Research Direction, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand (CHU), 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

  • Valentin Navel

    (Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand (CHU), 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

Abstract

Background: Myopia is a global public health problem affecting quality of life and work productivity. Data is scarce regarding the effects of near work on myopia. Providing a larger meta-analysis with life-long perspective, including adults and occupational exposure seemed needed. Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and Science Direct for studies reporting myopia prevalence in near work. Myopia was defined as a mean spherical equivalent ≤ −0.50 diopter. We performed a meta-analysis using random-effects model on myopia prevalence, myopia progression per year, and odds ratio (OR) of myopia in near work, completed by subgroup analyses and meta-regressions on patients’ characteristics, type of work in adults, geographic zones, time and characteristics of near work. Results: We included 78 studies, representing a total of 254,037 participants, aged from 6 to 39 years. The global prevalence of myopia in near work was 35% (95% CI: 30 to 41%), with a prevalence of 31% (95% CI: 26 to 37%) in children and 46% (95% CI: 30 to 62%) in adults. Myopia progression was −0.39 diopters per year (−0.53 to −0.24 D/year), ranging from −0.44 (−0.57 to −0.31) in children to −0.25 D/year (−0.56 to 0.06) in adults. The odds of myopia in workers exposed vs. non-exposed to near work were increased by 26% (18 to 34%), by 31% (21 to 42%) in children and 21% (6 to 35%) in adults. Prevalence of myopia was higher in adults compared to children (Coefficient 0.15, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.27). Conclusions: Near work conditions, including occupational exposure in adults, could be associated with myopia. Targeted prevention should be implemented in the workplace.

Suggested Citation

  • Frédéric Dutheil & Tharwa Oueslati & Louis Delamarre & Joris Castanon & Caroline Maurin & Frédéric Chiambaretta & Julien S. Baker & Ukadike C. Ugbolue & Marek Zak & Ines Lakbar & Bruno Pereira & Valen, 2023. "Myopia and Near Work: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-22, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:1:p:875-:d:1023806
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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