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Intimate Partner Violence in Khaliji Women: A Review of the Frequency and Related Factors

Author

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  • Maisa H. Al Kiyumi

    (Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman)

  • Asma Said Al Shidhani

    (Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman)

  • Hana Al Sumri

    (Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman)

  • Yaqoub Al Saidi

    (Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman)

  • Amira Al Harrasi

    (Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman)

  • Maryam Al Kiyumi

    (Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman)

  • Sanaa Al Sumri

    (Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman)

  • Aseel Al Toubi

    (Department of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman)

  • Maithili Shetty

    (Department of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman)

  • Samir Al-Adawi

    (Department of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman)

Abstract

The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), locally known as Khaliji , is a group of six Arab nations, including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health concern in the aforementioned region, but research that synthesises this trend has remained scarce. The present narrative review examines existing research on the prevalence and frequency of IPV among Khaliji women who inhabit the GCC nations. This review synthesised studies on physical and sexual violence, emotional abuse, and controlling behaviours perpetrated by an intimate partner. The prevalence rates of IPV among Khaliji women were observed to be high: women reported facing different types of abuse from their partners, namely physical (7–71%), sexual (3.7–81%), financial (21.3–26%), and psychological (7.5–89%), which is a culmination of controlling behaviour (36.8%), emotional violence (22–69%), and social violence (34%). Existing studies in the GCC region suggest that the most endorsed IPV was psychological abuse (89%), followed by sexual violence (81%). Qualitative analysis of the content of associated factors resulted in four significant descriptors, such as victim demographics, sociocultural factors, socioeconomic factors, and perpetrator-related issues. Research on IPV is still in its nascent stages, with very few studies emanating from the GCC region. The way forward will require developing culturally appropriate interventions that address the unique risk factors for IPV among the Khaliji population, strengthening institutional responses, and increasing awareness and social support for victims of IPV.

Suggested Citation

  • Maisa H. Al Kiyumi & Asma Said Al Shidhani & Hana Al Sumri & Yaqoub Al Saidi & Amira Al Harrasi & Maryam Al Kiyumi & Sanaa Al Sumri & Aseel Al Toubi & Maithili Shetty & Samir Al-Adawi, 2023. "Intimate Partner Violence in Khaliji Women: A Review of the Frequency and Related Factors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(13), pages 1-18, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:13:p:6241-:d:1181275
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Brown, Monique J. & Perera, Robert A. & Masho, Saba W. & Mezuk, Briana & Cohen, Steven A., 2015. "Adverse childhood experiences and intimate partner aggression in the US: Sex differences and similarities in psychosocial mediation," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 48-57.
    2. Suhad Daher-Nashif & Hiba Bawadi, 2020. "Women’s Health and Well-Being in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals: A Narrative Review of Achievements and Gaps in the Gulf States," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-8, February.
    3. Yanqi Wu & Jie Chen & Hui Fang & Yuehua Wan, 2020. "Intimate Partner Violence: A Bibliometric Review of Literature," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-17, August.
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