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Pulmonary Rehabilitation Outcomes of Post-Acute COVID-19 Patients during Different Waves of the Pandemic

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  • Marc Spielmanns

    (Pulmonary Medicine, Zuercher RehaZentren, Klinik Wald, 8636 Wald, Switzerland
    Department for Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Health, University Witten Herdecke, 58455 Witten, Germany
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Corina E. Schaer

    (Pulmonary Medicine, Zuercher RehaZentren, Klinik Wald, 8636 Wald, Switzerland
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Anna-Maria Pekacka-Egli

    (Pulmonary Medicine, Zuercher RehaZentren, Klinik Wald, 8636 Wald, Switzerland)

  • Sabine Spielmanns

    (Pulmonary Medicine, Zuercher RehaZentren, Klinik Wald, 8636 Wald, Switzerland)

  • Olberk Ibish

    (Pulmonary Medicine, Zuercher RehaZentren, Klinik Wald, 8636 Wald, Switzerland)

  • Guzel Gafina

    (Pulmonary Medicine, Zuercher RehaZentren, Klinik Wald, 8636 Wald, Switzerland)

  • Antonela Stiube

    (Pulmonary Medicine, Zuercher RehaZentren, Klinik Wald, 8636 Wald, Switzerland)

  • Matthias Hermann

    (Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland)

Abstract

(1) Background: Between the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic and summer 2022, we distinguished four pandemic waves, with different characteristics of the affected patients. This study investigated the impact of patient characteristics on the outcome of inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). (2) Methods: Using a prospective approach, the characteristics of post-acute COVID-19 patients of the different waves who participated in inpatient PR were compared based on their assessments and results collected as part of PR (Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS), six-minute walk test (6-MWT), Pulmonary Function Testing (PFT), and Functional Independent Measurement (FIM). (3) Results: A total of 483 patients were included in the analysis (Wave 1 n = 51, Wave 2 n = 202, Wave 3 n = 84, Wave 4 n = 146). Compared to Wave 3 + 4, patients of Wave 1 + 2 were older (69 vs. 63 years; p < 0.001), had a significantly lower CIRS (13.0 vs. 14.7 points; p = 0.004), had significant better PFT (FVC: 73 vs. 68%pred; p = 0.009; DLCO SB : 58 ± 18 vs. 50 ± 17%pred; p = 0.001), and showed significantly more comorbidities (2.0 vs. 1.6 n/pers.; p = 0.009). Wave 3 + 4 showed significantly greater improvements according to the 6-MWT (147 vs. 188 m; p < 0.001) and the FIM (5.6 vs. 21.1 points; p < 0.001). (4) Conclusions: Patients of the COVID-19 infection waves differed significantly according to their anthropometric data, incidence of comorbidities, and impact of the infection. All cohorts achieved clinically relevant and significant functional improvements during PR, with significant higher improvements in Wave 3 + 4.

Suggested Citation

  • Marc Spielmanns & Corina E. Schaer & Anna-Maria Pekacka-Egli & Sabine Spielmanns & Olberk Ibish & Guzel Gafina & Antonela Stiube & Matthias Hermann, 2023. "Pulmonary Rehabilitation Outcomes of Post-Acute COVID-19 Patients during Different Waves of the Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(10), pages 1-11, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:10:p:5907-:d:1152475
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Marc Spielmanns & Anna-Maria Pekacka-Egli & Sabine Schoendorf & Wolfram Windisch & Matthias Hermann, 2021. "Effects of a Comprehensive Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Severe Post-COVID-19 Patients," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-13, March.
    2. Gilbert Büsching & Zhongxing Zhang & Jean-Paul Schmid & Thomas Sigrist & Ramin Khatami, 2021. "Effectiveness of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Severe and Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: A Controlled Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-10, August.
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