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Assessment of Nutritional Status and Risk of Malnutrition Using Adapted Standard Tools in Patients with Mental Illness and in Need of Intensive Psychiatric Treatment

Author

Listed:
  • Ladina Risch

    (Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland)

  • Florian Hotzy

    (Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland)

  • Stefan Vetter

    (Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland)

  • Sascha Hiller

    (Directorate of Nursing, Therapies and Social Work, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland)

  • Kathrin Wallimann

    (Directorate of Nursing, Therapies and Social Work, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland)

  • Erich Seifritz

    (Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland)

  • Sonja Mötteli

    (Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland)

Abstract

People with severe mental illness (SMI) are often in poor physical health, resulting in higher mortality and reduced life expectancy compared to the general population. Although eating habits are one of the main predictors of physical health, few studies assess the nutritional status and eating behavior of people with SMI. The aim of this study was to examine the nutritional status and risk of malnutrition in people with SMI who were in need of intensive psychiatric treatment. The cross-sectional study included 65 inpatients and 67 outpatients with psychotic or depressive disorders from the Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Zurich. Patients’ assessments at admission included anthropometric measurements, such as weight and height, and interview data including severity of symptoms and functioning (SCL-K-9, PHQ-D, CGI, m-GAF), personal and medical data, nutrition risk screening tools (adapted NRS, MNA-SF), and laboratory values. The results showed that 32% of the inpatients and 34% of the outpatients were at risk of malnutrition, which was associated with higher levels of psychiatric symptoms and lower levels of functioning. Regardless, the body mass index (BMI) was overweight in both groups (mean BMI inpatients = 25.3, mean BMI outpatients = 27.9). These results indicate that a substantial proportion of psychiatric patients seems to be at risk of malnutrition, despite most being overweight, and hence they might benefit from nutritional support during their psychiatric treatment. Moreover, nutritional risk screening tools specifically developed for the mental healthcare setting are needed.

Suggested Citation

  • Ladina Risch & Florian Hotzy & Stefan Vetter & Sascha Hiller & Kathrin Wallimann & Erich Seifritz & Sonja Mötteli, 2022. "Assessment of Nutritional Status and Risk of Malnutrition Using Adapted Standard Tools in Patients with Mental Illness and in Need of Intensive Psychiatric Treatment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2022:i:1:p:109-:d:1010824
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lisa A. Barker & Belinda S. Gout & Timothy C. Crowe, 2011. "Hospital Malnutrition: Prevalence, Identification and Impact on Patients and the Healthcare System," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-14, February.
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