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Efficacy and Sustainability of Diabetes-Specific Meal Replacement on Obese and Overweight Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Study Approaches for a Randomised Controlled Trial and Impact of COVID-19 on Trial Progress

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  • Leong Chen Lew

    (Biomedical Science Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
    Center for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia)

  • Arimi Fitri Mat Ludin

    (Biomedical Science Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
    Center for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia)

  • Suzana Shahar

    (Center for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
    Dietetic Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia)

  • Zahara Abdul Manaf

    (Center for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
    Dietetic Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia)

  • Noorlaili Mohd Tohit

    (Department of Family Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia)

Abstract

Meal replacement (MR) is widely used in weight and diabetes management programs due to its ease of compliance and handling. However, little is known about its impact on outcomes other than glycaemic control and weight loss. Furthermore, not many studies evaluate its cost-effectiveness and sustainability. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a diabetes-specific MR for the weight reduction and glycaemic controls of overweight and obese T2DM patients, as compared to routine dietary consultation. Other health outcomes, the cost effectiveness, and the sustainability of the MR will also be evaluated. Materials and Methods: This randomised controlled clinical trial will involve 156 participants who have been randomised equally into the intervention and control groups. As a baseline, both groups will receive diet consultation. Additionally, the intervention group will receive an MR to replace one meal for 5 days a week. The duration of intervention will be 12 weeks, with 36 weeks of follow-up to monitor the sustainability of the MR. The primary endpoints are weight and Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) reduction, while the secondary endpoints are anthropometry, biochemical measurements, satiety, hormone changes, quality of life, and cost-effectiveness. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on study design is also discussed in this paper. This study has obtained human ethics approval from RECUKM (JEP-2019-566) and is registered at the Thai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR ID: TCTR20210921004).

Suggested Citation

  • Leong Chen Lew & Arimi Fitri Mat Ludin & Suzana Shahar & Zahara Abdul Manaf & Noorlaili Mohd Tohit, 2022. "Efficacy and Sustainability of Diabetes-Specific Meal Replacement on Obese and Overweight Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Study Approaches for a Randomised Controlled Trial and Impact of COVID-19 o," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:7:p:4188-:d:784890
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yi-Chun Li & Chia-Ing Li & Wen-Yuan Lin & Chiu-Shong Liu & Hua-Shui Hsu & Cheng-Chun Lee & Fei-Na Chen & Tsai-Chung Li & Cheng-Chieh Lin, 2013. "Percentage of Body Fat Assessment Using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry in a Weight Loss Program for Obese or Overweight Chinese Adults," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(4), pages 1-7, April.
    2. Asrul Akmal Shafie & Annushiah Vasan Thakumar & Ching Jou Lim & Nan Luo & Kim Rand-Hendriksen & Faridah Aryani Md Yusof, 2019. "EQ-5D-5L Valuation for the Malaysian Population," PharmacoEconomics, Springer, vol. 37(5), pages 715-725, May.
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