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Equation Córdoba: A Simplified Method for Estimation of Body Fat (ECORE-BF)

Author

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  • Rafael Molina-Luque

    (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Córdoba, Avd Menéndez Pidal No/No, 14004 Córdoba, Spain)

  • Manuel Romero-Saldaña

    (Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Córdoba City Hall, Huerto de San Pedro el Real, 1, 14003 Córdoba, Spain)

  • Carlos Álvarez-Fernández

    (Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Córdoba City Hall, Huerto de San Pedro el Real, 1, 14003 Córdoba, Spain)

  • Miquel Bennasar-Veny

    (Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, Research Group on Evidence, Lifestyles & Health, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), Universitat Illes Balears, Carretera de Valldemossa, 5, 07122 Palma, Illes Balears, Spain)

  • Álvaro Álvarez-López

    (Hospital Infanta Cristina, Extremadura Health Service, Av. de Elvas, No/No, 06080 Badajoz, Spain)

  • Guillermo Molina-Recio

    (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Córdoba, Avd Menéndez Pidal No/No, 14004 Córdoba, Spain)

Abstract

Background: Many methods for measuring body fat have been developed, but applications in clinical settings are limited. For this reason, researchers have tried to identify different formulas for its estimation but most of are hard to incorporate into daily work due to the variability in population and difficulty of use. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a new equation for the simplified estimation of body fat using the Clínica Universidad de Navarra – Body Adiposity Estimator (CUN-BAE) as a reference. Methods: This research was conducted in two phases. In the first, the new body fat estimation equation was developed. The developed equation was validated in the second phase. Pearson’s linear correlation, raw and adjusted linear regressions, the intraclass correlation coefficient, and Bland–Altman graphs were used. Results: The variables that best adjusted the body fat percentage were age, sex, and the Napierian logarithm of Body Mass Index (LnBMI), forming the Equation Córdoba for Estimation of Body Fat (ECORE-BF) model. In its validation, the model presented correlation values of 0.994, an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.960, with the Bland–Altman graph indicating means differences of 1.82 with respect to the estimation with the CUN-BAE. Nevertheless, although the aim was to simplify the CUN-BAE, the main limitation of this study is that a gold standard, such as air displacement plethysmography (ADP) or dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), was not used. Conclusions: The proposed equation (ECORE-BF) simplified the CUN-BAE and provided a precise method, respecting the principle of parsimony, for the calculation of body fat.

Suggested Citation

  • Rafael Molina-Luque & Manuel Romero-Saldaña & Carlos Álvarez-Fernández & Miquel Bennasar-Veny & Álvaro Álvarez-López & Guillermo Molina-Recio, 2019. "Equation Córdoba: A Simplified Method for Estimation of Body Fat (ECORE-BF)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-13, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:22:p:4529-:d:287557
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yi-Chun Li & Chia-Ing Li & Wen-Yuan Lin & Chiu-Shong Liu & Hua-Shui Hsu & Cheng-Chun Lee & Fei-Na Chen & Tsai-Chung Li & Cheng-Chieh Lin, 2013. "Percentage of Body Fat Assessment Using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry in a Weight Loss Program for Obese or Overweight Chinese Adults," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(4), pages 1-7, April.
    2. Jacqueline Huvanandana & Angela E Carberry & Robin M Turner & Emily J Bek & Camille H Raynes-Greenow & Alistair L McEwan & Heather E Jeffery, 2018. "An anthropometric approach to characterising neonatal morbidity and body composition, using air displacement plethysmography as a criterion method," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(3), pages 1-15, March.
    3. Kuen-Tsann Chen & Yu-Yawn Chen & Chia-Wei Wang & Chih-Lin Chuang & Li-Ming Chiang & Chung-Liang Lai & Hsueh-Kuan Lu & Gregory B Dwyer & Shu-Ping Chao & Ming-Kuei Shih & Kuen-Chang Hsieh, 2016. "Comparison of Standing Posture Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis with DXA for Body Composition in a Large, Healthy Chinese Population," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(7), pages 1-13, July.
    4. Pilar Fuster-Parra & Miquel Bennasar-Veny & Pedro Tauler & Aina Yañez & Angel A López-González & Antoni Aguiló, 2015. "A Comparison between Multiple Regression Models and CUN-BAE Equation to Predict Body Fat in Adults," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(3), pages 1-13, March.
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    1. Rafael Molina-Luque & Aina M Yañez & Miquel Bennasar-Veny & Manuel Romero-Saldaña & Guillermo Molina-Recio & Ángel-Arturo López-González, 2020. "A Comparison of Equation Córdoba for Estimation of Body Fat (ECORE-BF) with Other Prediction Equations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-11, October.

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