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Role of Body Mass and Physical Activity in Autonomic Function Modulation on Post-COVID-19 Condition: An Observational Subanalysis of Fit-COVID Study

Author

Listed:
  • Ana Paula Coelho Figueira Freire

    (Department of Health Sciences, Central Washington University Ellensburg, Ellensburg, WA 98926, USA
    Physiotherapy Department, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente 19050-920, Brazil)

  • Fabio Santos Lira

    (Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente 19060-900, Brazil)

  • Ana Elisa von Ah Morano

    (Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente 19060-900, Brazil)

  • Telmo Pereira

    (Polytechnic of Coimbra, ESTESC, Laboratory Biomedical Sciences, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal
    Molecular Physical-Chemistry R & D Unit, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
    Laboratory for Applied Health Research (LabinSaúde), 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Manuel-João Coelho-E-Silva

    (Faculty of Sport Science and Physiucal Education, University of Coimbra, CIDAF, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Armando Caseiro

    (Polytechnic of Coimbra, ESTESC, Laboratory Biomedical Sciences, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal
    Molecular Physical-Chemistry R & D Unit, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
    Laboratory for Applied Health Research (LabinSaúde), 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro

    (Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente 19060-900, Brazil)

  • Osmar Marchioto Júnior

    (Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente 19060-900, Brazil)

  • Gilson Pires Dorneles

    (Cellular and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil)

  • Luciele Guerra Minuzzi

    (Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente 19060-900, Brazil)

  • Ricardo Aurino Pinho

    (Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Parana, Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil)

  • Bruna Spolador de Alencar Silva

    (Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente 19060-900, Brazil)

Abstract

The harmful effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can reach the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and endothelial function. Therefore, the detrimental multiorgan effects of COVID-19 could be induced by deregulations in ANS that may persist after the acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Additionally, investigating the differences in ANS response in overweight/obese, and physically inactive participants who had COVID-19 compared to those who did not have the disease is necessary. The aim of the study was to analyze the autonomic function of young adults after mild-to-moderate infection with SARS-CoV-2 and to assess whether body mass index (BMI) and levels of physical activity modulates autonomic function in participants with and without COVID-19. Patients previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 and healthy controls were recruited for this cross-sectional observational study. A general anamnesis was taken, and BMI and physical activity levels were assessed. The ANS was evaluated through heart rate variability. A total of 57 subjects were evaluated. Sympathetic nervous system activity in the post-COVID-19 group was increased (stress index; p = 0.0273). They also presented lower values of parasympathetic activity ( p < 0.05). Overweight/obese subjects in the post-COVID-19 group presented significantly lower parasympathetic activity and reduced global variability compared to non-obese in control group ( p < 0.05). Physically inactive subjects in the post-COVID-19 group presented significantly higher sympathetic activity than active subjects in the control group. Parasympathetic activity was significantly increased in physically active subjects in the control group compared to the physically inactive post-COVID-19 group ( p < 0.05). COVID-19 promotes changes in the ANS of young adults, and these changes are modulated by overweight/obesity and physical activity levels.

Suggested Citation

  • Ana Paula Coelho Figueira Freire & Fabio Santos Lira & Ana Elisa von Ah Morano & Telmo Pereira & Manuel-João Coelho-E-Silva & Armando Caseiro & Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro & Osmar Marchioto Jún, 2022. "Role of Body Mass and Physical Activity in Autonomic Function Modulation on Post-COVID-19 Condition: An Observational Subanalysis of Fit-COVID Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-17, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:4:p:2457-:d:754287
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Fábio Santos Lira & Telmo Pereira & Luciele Guerra Minuzzi & Caique Figueiredo & Tiago Olean-Oliveira & Ana Paula Coelho Figueira Freire & Manuel João Coelho-e-Silva & Armando Caseiro & Ronaldo Vagner, 2021. "Modulatory Effects of Physical Activity Levels on Immune Responses and General Clinical Functions in Adult Patients with Mild to Moderate SARS-CoV-2 Infections—A Protocol for an Observational Prospect," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-13, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ana Paula Coelho Figueira Freire & Shaan Amin & Fabio Santos Lira & Ana Elisa von Ah Morano & Telmo Pereira & Manuel-João Coelho-E-Silva & Armando Caseiro & Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro & Vaness, 2023. "Autonomic Function Recovery and Physical Activity Levels in Post-COVID-19 Young Adults after Immunization: An Observational Follow-Up Case-Control Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-16, January.

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    1. Ana Paula Coelho Figueira Freire & Shaan Amin & Fabio Santos Lira & Ana Elisa von Ah Morano & Telmo Pereira & Manuel-João Coelho-E-Silva & Armando Caseiro & Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro & Vaness, 2023. "Autonomic Function Recovery and Physical Activity Levels in Post-COVID-19 Young Adults after Immunization: An Observational Follow-Up Case-Control Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-16, January.

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