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Family Caregivers’ Experiences and Coping Strategies in Managing Stroke Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Exploration Study

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Iqbal Haji Mukhti

    (Department of Community Medicine, Health Campus, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia)

  • Mohd Ismail Ibrahim

    (Department of Community Medicine, Health Campus, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia)

  • Tengku Alina Tengku Ismail

    (Department of Community Medicine, Health Campus, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia)

  • Iliatha Papachristou Nadal

    (Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK)

  • Sureshkumar Kamalakannan

    (Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
    Department of Social Work, Education and Wellbeing, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, New Castle NE7 7XA, UK)

  • Sanjay Kinra

    (Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK)

  • Kamarul Imran Musa

    (Department of Community Medicine, Health Campus, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia)

Abstract

Background: Stroke is a chronic disease that requires stroke survivors to be supported long-term by their families. This is especially because of the inaccessibility to post-stroke rehabilitation outside hospitals. The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis and the pandemic restrictions in Malaysia are expected to exponentially increase the demand from family caregivers in supporting stroke survivors. Thus, this study aims to explore the burden, experience, and coping mechanism of the family caregivers supporting stroke survivors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: A phenomenological qualitative study was conducted from November 2020 to June 2021 in Malaysia. A total of 13 respondents were recruited from two public rehabilitation centers in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. In-depth interviews were conducted with the participants. Comprehensive representation of perspectives from the respondents was achieved through purposive sampling. The interviews were conducted in the Kelantanese dialect, recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Three themes on burdens and experiences were identified. They were worsening pre-existing issues, emerging new issues, and fewer burdens and challenges. Two themes on coping strategies were also identified. They were problem-focused engagement and emotion-focused engagement. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the entire system of stroke management. While family caregivers mostly faced the extra burden through different experiences, they also encountered some positive impacts from the pandemic. The integrated healthcare system, especially in the era of digitalization, is an important element to establish the collaborative commitment of multiple stakeholders to compensate burden and sustain the healthcare of stroke survivors during the pandemic.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Iqbal Haji Mukhti & Mohd Ismail Ibrahim & Tengku Alina Tengku Ismail & Iliatha Papachristou Nadal & Sureshkumar Kamalakannan & Sanjay Kinra & Kamarul Imran Musa, 2022. "Family Caregivers’ Experiences and Coping Strategies in Managing Stroke Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Exploration Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-20, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:2:p:942-:d:725310
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Balvinder Singh Gill & Vivek Jason Jayaraj & Sarbhan Singh & Sumarni Mohd Ghazali & Yoon Ling Cheong & Nuur Hafizah Md Iderus & Bala Murali Sundram & Tahir Bin Aris & Hishamshah Mohd Ibrahim & Boon Ha, 2020. "Modelling the Effectiveness of Epidemic Control Measures in Preventing the Transmission of COVID-19 in Malaysia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-13, July.
    2. Yanhong Han & Yilan Liu & Xuelin Zhang & Wilson Tam & Jing Mao & Violeta Lopez, 2017. "Chinese family caregivers of stroke survivors: Determinants of caregiving burden within the first six months," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 26(23-24), pages 4558-4566, December.
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