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Social, Economic and Human Capital: Risk or Protective Factors in Sexual Violence?

Author

Listed:
  • Paola Ilabaca Baeza

    (School of Psychology, School of Juridical and Social Sciences, Miraflores Campus, Universidad Viña del Mar, Valparaíso 2520000, Chile)

  • José Manuel Gaete Fiscella

    (Career of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Campus FACSO UV, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile)

  • Fuad Hatibovic Díaz

    (Career of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Campus FACSO UV, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile)

  • Helena Roman Alonso

    (School of Social Work, Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Campus San Miguel, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile)

Abstract

In Chile, studies on protective factors and risk factors for sexual violence are limited and very few have incorporated analysis of different types of capital (social, economic, human) as social resources in the protection against sexual violence. The objective of this research is to evaluate to what extent the stock of different capitals act together, as either protective or risk factors in sexual violence in different interpersonal environments. The sample consisted of 1665 women between 15 and 30 years of age (M = 23.47, SD = 4.41). Artificial neural network analysis and social network analysis were used. The nodes representative of human and economic capital have a protective role of low relevance due to their position in the network, while the nodes of social capital acquire a structural relevance due to the central positions of the network. It is concluded that the structural social capital of neighborhood networks constitutes the main protective factor for sexual violence in all areas, and in turn, the structural social capital of networks with non-significant others was the main risk factor in sexual victimization.

Suggested Citation

  • Paola Ilabaca Baeza & José Manuel Gaete Fiscella & Fuad Hatibovic Díaz & Helena Roman Alonso, 2022. "Social, Economic and Human Capital: Risk or Protective Factors in Sexual Violence?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-21, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:2:p:777-:d:722162
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hall, B.J. & Bolton, P.A. & Annan, J. & Kaysen, D. & Robinette, K. & Cetinoglu, T. & Wachter, K. & Bass, J.K., 2014. "The effect of cognitive therapy on structural social capital: Results from a randomized controlled trial among sexual violence survivors in the democratic republic of the Congo," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 104(9), pages 1680-1686.
    2. Marizélia Rodrigues Costa Ribeiro & Antônio Augusto Moura da Silva & Maria Teresa Seabra Soares de Britto e Alves & Rosângela Fernandes Lucena Batista & Cecília Cláudia Costa Ribeiro & Lilia Blima Sch, 2017. "Effects of Socioeconomic Status and Social Support on Violence against Pregnant Women: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(1), pages 1-16, January.
    3. McCauley, H.L. & Tancredi, D.J. & Silverman, J.G. & Decker, M.R. & Austin, S.B. & McCormick, M.C. & Virata, M.C. & Miller, E., 2013. "Gender-equitable attitudes, bystander behavior, and recent abuse perpetration against heterosexual dating partners of male high school athletes," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 103(10), pages 1882-1887.
    4. Lehrer, Jocelyn A. & Lehrer, Vivian L. & Lehrer, Evelyn L. & Oyarzun, Pamela, 2007. "Sexual Violence in College Students in Chile," IZA Discussion Papers 3133, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
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