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The Epidemiology of Bruxism in Relation to Psychological Factors

Author

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  • Mirela Ioana Flueraşu

    (Department IV, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj Napoca, Romania)

  • Ioana Corina Bocşan

    (Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj Napoca, Romania)

  • Ioan-Andrei Țig

    (Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania)

  • Simona Maria Iacob

    (Department IV, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj Napoca, Romania)

  • Daniela Popa

    (Department IV, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj Napoca, Romania)

  • Smaranda Buduru

    (Department IV, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj Napoca, Romania)

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to establish the prevalence of sleep/awake bruxism among young students in Transylvania and to correlate the presence of this muscle activity with behavioral variations. This analytical, observational, cohort, cross-sectional, and prospective study involved 308 volunteers aged between 19 and 30 years of different nationalities, all students of the “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Subjects were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire which was structured in five sections. The results obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed separately for sleep bruxism and for awake bruxism. We did not find any statistically significant correlation between awake bruxism or sleep bruxism and age ( p = 0.30 and p = 0.37, respectively), sex ( p = 0.44 and p = 0.48, respectively), or nationality ( p = 0.55 and p = 0.67, respectively). Only a high degree of stress and frustration ( p = 0.035 and p = 0.020) was observed in European subjects except for the Romanians and the French, likely related to the difficulties of adapting to the language and lifestyle in Romania. Female sex was statistically significantly associated with an increased level of stress ( p = 0.004), duty-related depression ( p = 0.006), and duty-related anxiety ( p = 0.003). Stress and anxiety can be favorable factors in the appearance of both types of bruxism; however, depression is associated only with awake bruxism.

Suggested Citation

  • Mirela Ioana Flueraşu & Ioana Corina Bocşan & Ioan-Andrei Țig & Simona Maria Iacob & Daniela Popa & Smaranda Buduru, 2022. "The Epidemiology of Bruxism in Relation to Psychological Factors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-11, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:2:p:691-:d:720315
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Enrique Ramón-Arbués & Vicente Gea-Caballero & José Manuel Granada-López & Raúl Juárez-Vela & Begoña Pellicer-García & Isabel Antón-Solanas, 2020. "The Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and Stress and Their Associated Factors in College Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-15, September.
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    1. Maryllian de Albuquerque Vieira & Ana Izabela Sobral de Oliveira-Souza & Gesa Hahn & Luisa Bähr & Susan Armijo-Olivo & Ana Paula de Lima Ferreira, 2023. "Effectiveness of Biofeedback in Individuals with Awake Bruxism Compared to Other Types of Treatment: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-16, January.
    2. Diana Vlăduțu & Sanda Mihaela Popescu & Răzvan Mercuț & Mihaela Ionescu & Monica Scrieciu & Adina Dorina Glodeanu & Andreea Stănuși & Ana Maria Rîcă & Veronica Mercuț, 2022. "Associations between Bruxism, Stress, and Manifestations of Temporomandibular Disorder in Young Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-13, April.

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