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Influences of Intense Physical Effort on the Activity of the Autonomous Nervous System and Stress, as Measured with Photoplethysmography

Author

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  • Ignacio Martínez-González-Moro

    (Group Research Physical Exercise and Human Performance, University Institute of Aging Research, Mare Nostrum Campus, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain)

  • Inés Albertus Cámara

    (Group Research Physical Exercise and Human Performance, University Institute of Aging Research, Mare Nostrum Campus, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain)

  • María-José Paredes Ruiz

    (Group Research Physical Exercise and Human Performance, University Institute of Aging Research, Mare Nostrum Campus, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain)

Abstract

Background: The autonomic nervous system, which is composed of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, is closely related to the cardiovascular system. The temporal variation between each of the intervals between the consecutive “R” waves of an electrocardiogram is known as heart rate variability. Depending on the type of activity, both systems can be activated, and also influence the interval between “R” waves. Currently, with advancements in technology and electronic devices, photoplethysmography is used. Photoplethysmography detects changes in the intensity of reflected light that allow differentiation between systole and diastole and, therefore, determines the heart rate, its frequency and its variations. In this way, changes in the autonomic nervous system can be detected by devices such as the Max Pulse ® . Objective: To determine whether the information provided by Max Pulse ® on autonomic balance and stress is modified after intense physical exercise, thereby determining whether there is a relationship with body composition, and also whether there are differences with respect to gender. Materials and Methods: Fifty-three runners (38.9% female) with a mean age of 31.3 ± 8.1 years participated in the study. Two measurements (before and after intense physical effort) were performed with the Max Pulse ® device. The flotoplethysmography measurement lasted 3 min, and was performed in the supine position. The exercise test was performed on a treadmill. It was initiated at a speed of 6 and 7 km/h for women and men, respectively. Subjects indicated the end of the test by making a hand gesture when unable to continue the test. Results: Autonomic nervous system activity and mental stress values decreased significantly ( p < 0.05) in men and women, while autonomic nervous system balance decreased only in women. Physical stress increased ( p < 0.05) in both sexes. Conclusions: Intense exercise causes changes in variables that assess autonomic nervous system balance and stress, as measured by a device based on photoplethysmography. The changes are evident in both sexes, and are not related to body composition.

Suggested Citation

  • Ignacio Martínez-González-Moro & Inés Albertus Cámara & María-José Paredes Ruiz, 2022. "Influences of Intense Physical Effort on the Activity of the Autonomous Nervous System and Stress, as Measured with Photoplethysmography," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-13, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:23:p:16066-:d:989775
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. María Carrasco-Poyatos & Alberto González-Quílez & Ignacio Martínez-González-Moro & Antonio Granero-Gallegos, 2020. "HRV-Guided Training for Professional Endurance Athletes: A Protocol for a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-12, July.
    2. Chae Kwan Lee & Jae-Hoon Lee & Min-Seong Ha, 2022. "Comparison of the Effects of Aerobic versus Resistance Exercise on the Autonomic Nervous System in Middle-Aged Women: A Randomized Controlled Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-10, July.
    3. Antonio Ivano Triggiani & Anna Valenzano & Valentina Trimigno & Antonella Di Palma & Fiorenzo Moscatelli & Giuseppe Cibelli & Giovanni Messina, 2019. "Heart rate variability reduction is related to a high amount of visceral adiposity in healthy young women," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(9), pages 1-12, September.
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