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COVID-19 Case Management Outcomes Amongst Diabetes and Hypertensive Patients in the United Arab Emirates: A Prospective Study

Author

Listed:
  • Aysha Alkhemeiri

    (Department of Medicine, Tawam Hospital, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 15258, United Arab Emirates)

  • Shaikha Al Zaabi

    (Internal Medicine Department, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab Emirates)

  • Jeyaseelan Lakshmanan

    (Biostatistics Department, Mohammed Bin Rashed University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab Emirates)

  • Ziad El-Khatib

    (Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Niyi Awofeso

    (School of Health and Environmental Studies, Hamdan Bin Muhammed Smart University, Dubai P.O. Box 71400, United Arab Emirates)

Abstract

The global pandemic of the novel Coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19) challenged the care of comorbid patients. The risk imposed by COVID-19 on diabetes patients is multisystemic, exponential, and involves glucose dysregulation. The increased burden for diabetes patients infected with COVID-19 is substantial in countries with a high prevalence of diabetics, such as the United Arab Emirates (UAE). This study aims to explore the prevalence of diabetes, clinical characteristic, and outcomes of patients admitted for COVID-19 treatment with or without a concurrent preadmission diagnosis of diabetes. A prospective study was performed on 1199 adults admitted with confirmed COVID-19 from December 2020 to April 2021 to a single hospital in the UAE. The study compared the demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes in COVID-19-infected patients with diabetes to patients without diabetes. The study endpoints include the development of new-onset diabetes, admission to ICU, trends in the blood glucose levels, and death. A total of 1199 patients (390 with diabetes) were included in the study. A diabetes prevalence was detected among 9.8% of the study population. Among the diabetes group, 10.8% were morbidly obese, 65.4% had associated hypertension, and 18.9% had coronary artery disease. Diabetes patients showed higher rates of ICU admission (11.1% vs. 7.1%), NIV requirement (9.6% vs. 6.4%), and intubation (5.45% vs. 2%) compared to the non-diabetes group. Advanced age was a predictor of a worsening COVID-19 course, while diabetes ( p < 0.050) and hypertension ( p < 0.025) were significant predictors of death from COVID-19. Nearly three-fourths (284 (73.4%)) of the diabetic patients developed worsened hyperglycemia as compared to one-fifth (171 (20.9%)) of the nondiabetic patients. New-onset diabetes was detected in 9.8% of COVID-19 patients. COVID-19 severity is higher in the presence of diabetes and is associated with worsening hyperglycemia and poor clinical outcomes. Preexisting hypertension is a predictor of COVID-19 severity and death.

Suggested Citation

  • Aysha Alkhemeiri & Shaikha Al Zaabi & Jeyaseelan Lakshmanan & Ziad El-Khatib & Niyi Awofeso, 2022. "COVID-19 Case Management Outcomes Amongst Diabetes and Hypertensive Patients in the United Arab Emirates: A Prospective Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-18, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:23:p:15967-:d:988726
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Min Seo Kim & Min Ho An & Won Jun Kim & Tae-Ho Hwang, 2020. "Comparative efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions for the treatment of COVID-19: A systematic review and network meta-analysis," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(12), pages 1-28, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Norizzati Amsah & Zaleha Md Isa & Norfazilah Ahmad & Mohd Rizal Abdul Manaf, 2023. "Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Healthcare Utilization among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-15, March.

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