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Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Senecio vulgaris L. Extracts: An In Vitro Assessment in HepG2 Liver Cells

Author

Listed:
  • Mattia Acito

    (Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Unit of Public Health, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy
    These authors share first authorship.)

  • Carla Russo

    (Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Unit of Public Health, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy
    These authors share first authorship.)

  • Cristina Fatigoni

    (Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Unit of Public Health, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy)

  • Federica Mercanti

    (Sana Pianta Soc. Agricola S.a.s., Strada Tiberina Nord 228, 06134 Perugia, Italy)

  • Massimo Moretti

    (Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Unit of Public Health, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy
    Inter-University Centre for the Environment (CIPLA-Centro Interuniversitario per l’Ambiente), University of Perugia, Piazza Università 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy
    These authors share senior and last authorship.)

  • Milena Villarini

    (Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Unit of Public Health, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy
    These authors share senior and last authorship.)

Abstract

Senecio vulgaris L. is a herbaceous species found worldwide. The demonstrated occurrence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in this species and its ability to invade a great variety of habitats result in a serious risk of contamination of plant material batches addressed to the herbal teas market; this presents a potential health risk for consumers. In light of the above, this work aimed to assess the cytotoxic and genotoxic activity of S. vulgaris extracts in HepG2 cells. Dried plants were ground and extracted using two different methods, namely an organic solvent-based procedure (using methanol and chloroform), and an environmentally friendly extraction procedure (i.e., aqueous extraction), which mimicked the domestic preparation of herbal teas (5, 15, and 30 min of infusion). Extracts were then tested in HepG2 cells for their cytotoxic and genotoxic potentialities. Results were almost superimposable in both extracts, showing a slight loss in cell viability at the highest concentration tested, and a marked dose-dependent genotoxicity exerted by non-cytotoxic concentrations. It was found that the genotoxic effect is even more pronounced in aqueous extracts, which induced primary DNA damage after five minutes of infusion even at the lowest concentration tested. Given the broad intake of herbal infusions worldwide, this experimental approach might be proposed as a screening tool in the analysis of plant material lots addressed to the herbal infusion market.

Suggested Citation

  • Mattia Acito & Carla Russo & Cristina Fatigoni & Federica Mercanti & Massimo Moretti & Milena Villarini, 2022. "Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Senecio vulgaris L. Extracts: An In Vitro Assessment in HepG2 Liver Cells," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-9, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:22:p:14824-:d:969418
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    Cited by:

    1. Tommaso Rondini & Raffaella Branciari & Edoardo Franceschini & Mattia Acito & Cristina Fatigoni & Rossana Roila & David Ranucci & Milena Villarini & Roberta Galarini & Massimo Moretti, 2024. "Olive Mill Wastewater Extract: In Vitro Genotoxicity/Antigenotoxicity Assessment on HepaRG Cells," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(8), pages 1-13, August.

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