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Costs and Factors Associated with Hospitalizations Due to Severe Influenza in Catalonia (2017–2020)

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Listed:
  • Mercè Soler-Font

    (PRISMA Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Santa Rosa 39-57, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
    Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain)

  • Ignacio Aznar-Lou

    (PRISMA Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Santa Rosa 39-57, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
    Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain)

  • Luca Basile

    (Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Department of Health, Roc Boronat, 81-95, 08005 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Núria Soldevila

    (Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Medicine Department, Universitat de Barcelona, Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Pere Godoy

    (Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRB Lleida, Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain)

  • Ana Martínez

    (Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Department of Health, Roc Boronat, 81-95, 08005 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Antoni Serrano-Blanco

    (PRISMA Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Santa Rosa 39-57, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
    Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Medicine Department, Universitat de Barcelona, Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
    Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Doctor Antoni Pujadas 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain)

  • Angela Domínguez

    (Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Medicine Department, Universitat de Barcelona, Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain)

  • The Surveillance of Hospitalized Cases of Severe Influenza in Catalonia Working Group

    (The Surveillance of Hospitalized Cases of Severe Influenza in Catalonia Working Group: Alsedà M., Álvarez J., Arias C., Balañà P.J., Camps N., Carol M., Curto L., Ferràs J., Ferrús G., Follia N., Bach P., Minguell S., Parrón I., Plasència E., Sala-Farré M.R., Torra R., Torres J. (Public Health Agency of Catalonia); Barrabeig I., Godoy P., Jané M., Martínez A., Torner N. (Public Health Agency of Catalonia and CIBERESP); Garcia M., Gorrindo P. (Public Health Agency of Barcelona), Rius C. (Public Health Agency of Barcelona and CIBERESP); Marcos M.A., Mosquera M.M., Vila J., Vilella A. (H Clínic, Barcelona); Antón A., Pumarola T., Campins M. (H Universitari Vall d’Hebrón, Barcelona); García D., Oller Perez-Hita A. (H Josep Trueta, Girona); Andres M., Espejo E. (H Terrassa); Freixas N., Lopez M., Porta C., Riera Garcia M. (Mútua Terrassa); Maraver E., Mas D., Pérez R., (H Altahia Manresa); Rebull J. (H.Verge de la Cinta, Tortosa); Muñoz S., Pou J. (H Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues); García-Pardo G., Olona M. (H Joan XXIII, Tarragona); Barcenilla F., Castellana D. (H Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida); Navarro-Rubio G. (Consorci Sanitari Parc Taulí, Sabadell); Force L.L. (H Mataró); Mena G., Mòdol-Deltell J.M. (H Germans Trias i Pujol); Alvarez A., Massuet C., Ramon J.M. (H U Bellvitge); Lopez A.F., Iftimie S.M., Garrido P. (HU Sant Joan de Reus); Blancas D., Moreno E. (Hospital Residència Sant Camil).)

Abstract

This study aimed to estimate the cost and factors associated with severe hospitalized patients due to influenza in unvaccinated and vaccinated cases. The study had a cross-sectional design and included three influenza seasons in 16 sentinel hospitals in Catalonia, Spain. Data were collected from a surveillance system of influenza and other acute respiratory infections. Generalized linear models (GLM) were used to analyze mean costs stratified by comorbidities and pregnancy. Multivariate logistic models were used to analyze bacterial coinfection, multi-organ failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome, death and ICU admission by season and by vaccination status. Costs of ICU, hospitalization and total mean costs were analyzed using GLM, by season and by vaccination status. All models were adjusted for age and sex. A total of 2742 hospitalized cases were included in the analyses. Cases were mostly aged ≥ 60 years (70.17%), with recommended vaccination (86.14%) and unvaccinated (68.05%). The ICU admission level was statistically significant higher in unvaccinated compared to vaccinated cases. Costs of cases with more than or equal to two comorbidities (Diff = EUR − 1881.32), diabetes (Diff = EUR − 1953.21), chronic kidney disease (Diff = EUR − 2260.88), chronic cardiovascular disease (Diff = EUR − 1964.86), chronic liver disease (Diff = EUR − 3595.60), hospitalization (EUR 9419.42 vs. EUR 9055.45), and total mean costs (EUR 11,540.04 vs. 10,221.34) were statistically significant higher in unvaccinated compared to vaccinated patients. The influenza vaccine reduces the costs of hospitalization. There is a need to focus strategies in recommended vaccination groups.

Suggested Citation

  • Mercè Soler-Font & Ignacio Aznar-Lou & Luca Basile & Núria Soldevila & Pere Godoy & Ana Martínez & Antoni Serrano-Blanco & Angela Domínguez & The Surveillance of Hospitalized Cases of Severe Influenza, 2022. "Costs and Factors Associated with Hospitalizations Due to Severe Influenza in Catalonia (2017–2020)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-10, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:22:p:14793-:d:968699
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Maria Michela Gianino & Gianfranco Politano & Antonio Scarmozzino & Michela Stillo & Viola Amprino & Stefano Di Carlo & Alfredo Benso & Carla Maria Zotti, 2019. "Cost of Sickness Absenteeism during Seasonal Influenza Outbreaks of Medium Intensity among Health Care Workers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-11, March.
    2. Sierk D. Marbus & Valentijn A. Schweitzer & Geert H. Groeneveld & Jan J. Oosterheert & Peter M. Schneeberger & Wim Hoek & Jaap T. Dissel & Arianne B. Gageldonk-Lafeber & Marie-Josée Mangen, 2020. "Incidence and costs of hospitalized adult influenza patients in The Netherlands: a retrospective observational study," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 21(5), pages 775-785, July.
    3. Carlo Federici & Marianna Cavazza & Francesco Costa & Claudio Jommi, 2018. "Health care costs of influenza-related episodes in high income countries: A systematic review," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(9), pages 1-15, September.
    4. Linus Nyiwul, 2021. "Epidemic Control and Resource Allocation: Approaches and Implications for the Management of COVID-19," Studies in Microeconomics, , vol. 9(2), pages 283-305, December.
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