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Coping Styles Utilized during Suicide and Sudden Death Bereavement in the First Six Months

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  • Sharna Mathieu

    (Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Suicide Research and Training, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4122, Australia)

  • Racquel Todor

    (Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Suicide Research and Training, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4122, Australia)

  • Diego De Leo

    (Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Suicide Research and Training, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4122, Australia
    Slovene Centre for Suicide Research, Primorska University, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
    De Leo Fund, 35137 Padua, Italy)

  • Kairi Kõlves

    (Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Suicide Research and Training, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4122, Australia)

Abstract

Individuals bereaved by suicide experience substantial emotional distress and are at risk for poorer mental health, substance use concerns, and suicidal behaviors. This study aimed to explore whether those bereaved by suicide reported different coping styles compared to those bereaved by sudden death in the first six months. It also aimed to determine whether a previous mental health diagnosis (PMHD) and experiencing stigma and/or shame impacted the utilization of adaptive and maladaptive coping. The sample was constituted by individuals bereaved by suicide ( n = 142) compared to those bereaved by sudden death ( n = 63), six months after loss. The study included immediate family members who were 18 years or older and understood the English language. After controlling for demographics there were no significant differences in coping styles between bereavement types. Regardless of bereavement type, having a PMHD was associated with increased avoidant and problem-focused coping, and stigma and shame were each associated with increased avoidant coping. Women were also more likely to report using adaptive coping. Findings demonstrate no difference by bereavement type and have implications for the tailoring of grief/postvention supports that are sensitive to perceived stigma/shame to better facilitate utilization of adaptive emotion-focused coping, particularly for men and those with pre-existing mental health problems.

Suggested Citation

  • Sharna Mathieu & Racquel Todor & Diego De Leo & Kairi Kõlves, 2022. "Coping Styles Utilized during Suicide and Sudden Death Bereavement in the First Six Months," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-14, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:22:p:14709-:d:967449
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Victoria Ross & Kairi Kõlves & Lisa Kunde & Diego De Leo, 2018. "Parents’ Experiences of Suicide-Bereavement: A Qualitative Study at 6 and 12 Months after Loss," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-10, March.
    2. Lorenza Entilli & Victoria Ross & Diego De Leo & Sabrina Cipolletta & Kairi Kõlves, 2021. "Experiences of Parental Suicide-Bereavement: A Longitudinal Qualitative Analysis over Two Years," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-12, January.
    3. Pitman, Alexandra L. & Stevenson, Fiona & Osborn, David P.J. & King, Michael B., 2018. "The stigma associated with bereavement by suicide and other sudden deaths: A qualitative interview study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 121-129.
    4. Nicole T M Hill & Jo Robinson & Jane Pirkis & Karl Andriessen & Karolina Krysinska & Amber Payne & Alexandra Boland & Alison Clarke & Allison Milner & Katrina Witt & Stephan Krohn & Amit Lampit, 2020. "Association of suicidal behavior with exposure to suicide and suicide attempt: A systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(3), pages 1-27, March.
    5. Stroebe, Margaret Susan & Folkman, Susan & Hansson, Robert O. & Schut, Henk, 2006. "The prediction of bereavement outcome: Development of an integrative risk factor framework," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(9), pages 2440-2451, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yossi Levi-Belz & Karolina Krysinska & Karl Andriessen, 2023. "What Do We Know about Suicide Bereavement, and What We Can Do to Help Suicide-Loss Survivors?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(8), pages 1-5, April.

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