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Investigating the Relationship between Parental Education, Asthma and Rhinitis in Children Using Path Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Ilaria Rocco

    (Neuroscience Institute (IN), National Research Council (CNR), 35121 Padova, Italy
    These authors should be considered joint first author.)

  • Giovanna Cilluffo

    (Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
    These authors should be considered joint first author.)

  • Giuliana Ferrante

    (Department of Surgical Science, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Unit, Verona University Medical School, 37134 Verona, Italy)

  • Fabio Cibella

    (Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy)

  • Alessandro Marcon

    (Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, c/o Istituti Biologici II, 37134 Verona, Italy)

  • Pierpaolo Marchetti

    (Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, c/o Istituti Biologici II, 37134 Verona, Italy)

  • Paolo Ricci

    (UOC Osservatorio Epidemiologico, Agenzia di Tutela della Salute della Val Padana, 46100 Mantova, Italy)

  • Nadia Minicuci

    (Neuroscience Institute (IN), National Research Council (CNR), 35121 Padova, Italy)

  • Stefania La Grutta

    (Institute of Traslational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
    These authors should be considered joint senior author.)

  • Barbara Corso

    (Neuroscience Institute (IN), National Research Council (CNR), 35121 Padova, Italy
    These authors should be considered joint senior author.)

Abstract

Parental socioeconomic position (SEP) is a known determinant of a child’s health. We aimed to investigate whether a low parental education, as proxy of SEP, has a direct effect on physician-diagnosed asthma, current asthma and current allergic rhinitis in children, or whether associations are mediated by exposure to other personal or environmental risk factors. This study was a secondary data analysis of two cross-sectional studies conducted in Italy in 2006. Data from 2687 adolescents (10–14 years) were analyzed by a path analysis model using generalized structural equation modelling. Significant direct effects were found between parental education and family characteristics (number of children (coefficient = 0.6229, p < 0.001) and crowding index (1.1263, p < 0.001)) as well as with exposure to passive smoke: during pregnancy (maternal: 0.4697, p < 0.001; paternal: 0.4854, p < 0.001), during the first two years of children’s life (0.5897, p < 0.001) and currently (0.6998, p < 0.001). An indirect effect of parental education was found on physician-diagnosed asthma in children mediated by maternal smoking during pregnancy (0.2350, p < 0.05) and on current allergic rhinitis mediated by early environmental tobacco smoke (0.2002; p < 0.05). These results suggest the importance of promotion of ad-hoc health policies for promoting smoking cessation, especially during pregnancy.

Suggested Citation

  • Ilaria Rocco & Giovanna Cilluffo & Giuliana Ferrante & Fabio Cibella & Alessandro Marcon & Pierpaolo Marchetti & Paolo Ricci & Nadia Minicuci & Stefania La Grutta & Barbara Corso, 2022. "Investigating the Relationship between Parental Education, Asthma and Rhinitis in Children Using Path Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-14, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:21:p:14551-:d:964621
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. repec:dau:papers:123456789/10510 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Alec Irwin & Nicole Valentine & Chris Brown & Rene Loewenson & Orielle Solar & Hilary Brown & Theadora Koller & Jeanette Vega, 2006. "The Commission on Social Determinants of Health: Tackling the Social Roots of Health Inequities," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 3(6), pages 1-1, May.
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