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Methodology for a Comprehensive Health Impact Assessment in Water Supply and Sanitation Programmes for Brazil

Author

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  • Débora Cynamon Kligerman

    (Departamento de Saneamento e Saúde Ambiental (DSSA)(ENSP), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil)

  • Telma Abdalla de Oliveira Cardoso

    (Núcleo de Biossegurança (NUBIO) (ENSP), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-361, Brazil)

  • Simone Cynamon Cohen

    (Departamento de Saneamento e Saúde Ambiental (DSSA)(ENSP), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil)

  • Déborah Chein Bueno de Azevedo

    (Núcleo de Tecnologia e Logística em Saúde (NUTEC) (ENSP), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-361, Brazil)

  • Graziella de Araújo Toledo

    (Departamento de Saneamento e Saúde Ambiental (DSSA)(ENSP), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil)

  • Ana Paula Chein Bueno de Azevedo

    (Departamento de Saneamento e Saúde Ambiental (DSSA)(ENSP), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil)

  • Susanne M. Charlesworth

    (Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, Coventry CV8 3LG, UK)

Abstract

Based on the broader concept of health proposed by the Pan-American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/ WHO), 2018, and the absence in the literature of indices that translate the causal relationship between sanitation and health, a methodology for assessing the health impact of a water and sanitation programmes, known as a Health Impact Assessment (HIA), was developed, specifically in the Brazilian context, and focused on a school in the northeast of the country. Through exploratory and descriptive evidence, and using documentary research as a method, a retrospective survey was carried out from 2000 to 2022 using documents proposing evaluation methodologies. A single document was found to fit the research objective, which was used to develop the proposed HIA methodology. Development of the methodology consisted of two stages: definition of the health dimensions and selection of the indicators making up each dimension. The HIA methodology was then applied to a school in northeast Brazil to test its use, before a water-efficient management intervention was going to be used. The overall score of 46% indicated that there was room for improvement, which the new management approach could facilitate. This methodology is therefore proposed to be an instrument for the evaluation of public water and sanitation policies, thus assisting managers in the decision-making process and in guiding sanitation programs and plans.

Suggested Citation

  • Débora Cynamon Kligerman & Telma Abdalla de Oliveira Cardoso & Simone Cynamon Cohen & Déborah Chein Bueno de Azevedo & Graziella de Araújo Toledo & Ana Paula Chein Bueno de Azevedo & Susanne M. Charle, 2022. "Methodology for a Comprehensive Health Impact Assessment in Water Supply and Sanitation Programmes for Brazil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-26, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:19:p:12776-:d:934643
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhan S. Kalel & Gabriel Gulis & Altyn M. Aringazina, 2023. "Implementation of Health Impact Assessment in the Healthcare System of the Republic of Kazakhstan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-12, January.

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