IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i19p12051-d923244.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Small/Kiddie Cigarette Packaging Size and Its Impact on Smoking: A Systematic Review

Author

Listed:
  • Halizah Mat Rifin

    (Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia)

  • Miaw Yn Jane Ling

    (Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia)

  • Tania Gayle Robert Lourdes

    (Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia)

  • Thamil Arasu Saminathan

    (Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia)

  • Wan Shakira Rodzlan Hasani

    (Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia)

  • Nur Liana Ab Majid

    (Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia)

  • Hamizatul Akmal Abd Hamid

    (Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia)

  • Mohd Ruhaizie Riyadzi

    (Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia)

  • Ahzairin Ahmad

    (Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia)

  • Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff

    (Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia)

  • Nor Asiah Muhamad

    (Sector for Evidence-Based Healthcare, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia)

Abstract

Background: Small cigarette pack sizes contain less than 20 cigarette sticks in a pack. Smaller packs may suggest lower costs, increasing affordability among lower-income users, especially the younger generation, which could lead to tobacco-related diseases and economic costs, including human capital lost results from tobacco-attributable morbidity and mortality. This concern has caused many countries to ban the sale of single cigarette sticks or kiddie packs. However, small cigarette pack sizes were proposed recently to be reintroduced by the tobacco industry with an excuse to prevent consumers from buying illicit cigarettes. This would demean efforts in combating tobacco consumption based on the existing tobacco control policies to prevent minors from purchasing cigarettes. Given the competing influences of affordability and availability of tobacco on consumption and the dearth of evidence-based review on the impact of pack size on smoking, this systematic review was conducted to identify the link between kiddie packs and smoking specifically on the initiation of smoking, urge/tendency to buy cigarettes among the general population and attempt to reduce cigarette consumption and prevalence of smoking using kiddie packs among current smokers. Methods: We include all studies except for reviews, guidelines, conference papers, commentaries, editorials, or opinion pieces. A database search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Web of Science and Scopus on 27 November 2021. The results were presented in the form of narrative synthesis under four groups: initiation of smoking; urge/tendency to buy cigarettes; the prevalence of smoking, and attempt to reduce cigarette consumption. The literature search identified 1601 articles, of which 21 articles had met the inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of all included articles was determined using a validated 16-item quality assessment tool (QATSDD). The average quality score for all papers was 34.8%. Discussion: Given the diverse study settings of the articles and despite the challenges of the methodological quality of some articles, this review provides some evidence that kiddie packs may increase the urge/tendency to buy cigarettes and mixed evidence on the attempt to reduce cigarette consumption. This review also found some evidence that kiddie pack purchasing among teenage smokers was higher compared to adults. However, we are uncertain about the link between kiddie packs and smoking initiation. Nevertheless, since most studies were of low quality, further high-quality studies are needed to conclude about the impact of kiddie packs on smoking to assist the policymakers and stakeholders in formulating new policies and strengthening existing strategies related to the kiddie packs.

Suggested Citation

  • Halizah Mat Rifin & Miaw Yn Jane Ling & Tania Gayle Robert Lourdes & Thamil Arasu Saminathan & Wan Shakira Rodzlan Hasani & Nur Liana Ab Majid & Hamizatul Akmal Abd Hamid & Mohd Ruhaizie Riyadzi & Ahz, 2022. "Small/Kiddie Cigarette Packaging Size and Its Impact on Smoking: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-23, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:19:p:12051-:d:923244
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/19/12051/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/19/12051/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Joachim Marti & Jody Sindelar, 2015. "Smaller Cigarette Pack as a Commitment to Smoke Less? Insights from Behavioral Economics," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(9), pages 1-14, September.
    2. Jha, Prabhat & Chaloupka, Frank (ed.), 2000. "Tobacco Control in Developing Countries," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780192632463.
    3. Chaloupka, Frank J. & Warner, Kenneth E., 2000. "The economics of smoking," Handbook of Health Economics, in: A. J. Culyer & J. P. Newhouse (ed.), Handbook of Health Economics, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 29, pages 1539-1627, Elsevier.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. G. Guindon, 2014. "The impact of tobacco prices on smoking onset in Vietnam: duration analyses of retrospective data," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 15(1), pages 19-39, January.
    2. Carnazza, Giovanni & Liberati, Paolo & Resce, Giuliano & Molinaro, Sabrina, 2021. "Smoking and income distribution: Inequalities in new and old products," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 125(2), pages 261-268.
    3. Goel, Rajeev K., 2014. "Economic stress and cigarette smoking: Evidence from the United States," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 284-289.
    4. Fernando S. Machado & Rajiv K. Sinha, 2007. "Smoking Cessation: A Model of Planned vs. Actual Behavior for Time-Inconsistent Consumers," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 26(6), pages 834-850, 11-12.
    5. Petr David, 2011. "Why and how to tax cigarettes?," Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, Mendel University Press, vol. 59(4), pages 43-50.
    6. David (David Patrick) Madden, 2002. "Setting the appropriate tax on cigarettes in Ireland," Working Papers 200225, School of Economics, University College Dublin.
    7. Chung-Ping Loh & Chin-Shyan Chen & Tsai-Ching Liu, 2009. "Multiple Dimensions of Cigarette Smoking and Responsiveness to Cigarette Price Changes in Taiwan," Journal of Family and Economic Issues, Springer, vol. 30(2), pages 203-213, June.
    8. Recher, Vedran, 2020. "Illegal tobacco demand: The case of Western Balkan," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 182-193.
    9. Ramanan Laxminarayan & Anil Deolalikar, 2004. "Tobacco initiation, cessation, and change: evidence from Vietnam," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 13(12), pages 1191-1201, December.
    10. Lance, Peter M. & Akin, John S. & Dow, William H. & Loh, Chung-Ping, 2004. "Is cigarette smoking in poorer nations highly sensitive to price?: Evidence from Russia and China," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 23(1), pages 173-189, January.
    11. Hidayat, Budi & Thabrany, Hasbullah, 2010. "Cigarette smoking in Indonesia: examination of a myopic model of addictive behaviour," MPRA Paper 30194, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 17 May 2010.
    12. Martin Gonzalez-Rozada & Alejandro Ramos-Carbajales, 2016. "Implications of Increasing Cigarette Taxes in Peru," Department of Economics Working Papers 2016_02, Universidad Torcuato Di Tella.
    13. Martyn Duffy, 2006. "Tobacco consumption and policy in the United Kingdom," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 38(11), pages 1235-1257.
    14. Sijbren Cnossen, 2006. "Alcohol taxation and regulation in the European Union," CPB Discussion Paper 76.rdf, CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis.
    15. Craig Lemboe & Philip Black, 2012. "Cigarettes taxes and smuggling in South Africa: Causes and Consequences," Working Papers 09/2012, Stellenbosch University, Department of Economics.
    16. Goel, Rajeev K., 2013. "Where to snuff the puff? Relative effectiveness of U.S. smoking control policies," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 97-102.
    17. Noor Syaifudin, 2013. "Roadmap of Excise on Cigarette Policy Package in Indonesia: an Analytical Hierarchy Process Approach," Journal of Social and Development Sciences, AMH International, vol. 4(11), pages 514-525.
    18. Yi-Chi Chen & Chang-Ching Lin, 2010. "Threshold Effects in Cigarette Addiction: An Application of the Threshold Model in Dynamic Panels," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 30(4), pages 3128-3142.
    19. Jon P. Nelson, 2010. "What is Learned from Longitudinal Studies of Advertising and Youth Drinking and Smoking? A Critical Assessment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 7(3), pages 1-57, March.
    20. Sijbren Cnossen & D. Forrest & S. Smith, 2009. "Taxation and regulation of smoking, drinking and gambling in the European Union," CPB Special Publication 76.rdf, CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:19:p:12051-:d:923244. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.