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Association between Polymorphism rs1799732 of DRD2 Dopamine Receptor Gene and Personality Traits among Cannabis Dependency

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  • Jolanta Chmielowiec

    (Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, 28 Zyty St., 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland)

  • Krzysztof Chmielowiec

    (Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, 28 Zyty St., 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland)

  • Jolanta Masiak

    (Second Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Głuska St., 20-059 Lublin, Poland)

  • Małgorzata Śmiarowska

    (Department of Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Aleksandra Strońska-Pluta

    (Independent Laboratory of Health Promotion, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 11 Chlapowskiego St., 70-204 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Violetta Dziedziejko

    (Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Anna Grzywacz

    (Independent Laboratory of Health Promotion, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 11 Chlapowskiego St., 70-204 Szczecin, Poland)

Abstract

Compared to other addictive substances, patients with cannabis addiction are significantly outnumbered by those who report dependence on other, more addictive substances. Unfortunately, most cannabis addiction goes untreated, and among those who choose treatment, the requirements are much higher for adolescents and young adults. The aim of the study: To examine the relationship of cannabinoid dependency in the genetic context—the association between the rs1799732 polymorphism of the DRD2 gene and psychological traits and anxiety. Methods: The study group consisted of 515 male volunteers. Of these, 214 patients were diagnosed with cannabis addiction and 301 were non-addicted. Patients were diagnosed with NEO Five-Factor Personality Inventory (NEO-FFI), and State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaires. The interactions between personality traits and polymorphisms in the DRD2 rs1799732 gene were investigated in a group of cannabis-addicted patients and non-addicted controls using the real-time PCR method. Results: Compared to the control group, the case group obtained significantly higher scores on the STAI State, STAI Trait, Neuroticism and Openness scales, as well as lower scores on the Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness scales. There was no statistically significant difference between addicts and the control group in the frequency of genotypes, but there was a statistically significant difference between addicts and the control group in the frequency of the DRD2 allele rs179973. The multivariate ANOVA analysis showed a statistically significant influence of the DRD2 rs1799732 genotype on the NEO-FFI agreeableness scale and a statistically significant effect of addiction to cannabinoids or its absence on the NEO-FFI agreeableness scale score. Conclusions: Studying homogeneous subgroups—as in our study—seems reasonable, particularly when combined with genetic determinants and psychological traits. In multigenic and multifactorial entities, such a strategy has a future.

Suggested Citation

  • Jolanta Chmielowiec & Krzysztof Chmielowiec & Jolanta Masiak & Małgorzata Śmiarowska & Aleksandra Strońska-Pluta & Violetta Dziedziejko & Anna Grzywacz, 2022. "Association between Polymorphism rs1799732 of DRD2 Dopamine Receptor Gene and Personality Traits among Cannabis Dependency," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-12, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:17:p:10915-:d:904366
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Anna Grzywacz & Aleksandra Suchanecka & Jolanta Chmielowiec & Krzysztof Chmielowiec & Kamila Szumilas & Jolanta Masiak & Łukasz Balwicki & Monika Michałowska-Sawczyn & Grzegorz Trybek, 2020. "Personality Traits or Genetic Determinants—Which Strongly Influences E-Cigarette Users?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-15, January.
    2. Jolanta Chmielowiec & Krzysztof Chmielowiec & Aleksandra Suchanecka & Grzegorz Trybek & Bożena Mroczek & Iwona Małecka & Anna Grzywacz, 2018. "Associations Between the Dopamine D4 Receptor and DAT1 Dopamine Transporter Genes Polymorphisms and Personality Traits in Addicted Patients," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-12, September.
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    Keywords

    addiction; DRD2 gene;

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