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Relationship between Dysphagia and Home Discharge among Older Patients Receiving Hospital Rehabilitation in Rural Japan: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Author

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  • Ryuichi Ohta

    (Community Care, Unnan City Hospital, 96-1 Iida, Daito-cho, Unnan 699-1221, Japan)

  • Emily Weiss

    (Department of Public Health, Old College, University of Edinburgh, South Bridge, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK)

  • Magda Mekky

    (Department of Public Health, Old College, University of Edinburgh, South Bridge, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK)

  • Chiaki Sano

    (Department of Community Medicine Management, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan)

Abstract

Dysphagia refers to swallowing difficulty, which impacts patients’ quality of life. Dysphagia influences clinical outcomes, including mortality rates and length of hospital stay of older hospitalized patients. Dysphagia may affect the current and future quality of life of these patients. However, its exact impact remains unclear. We aimed to clarify the impact of dysphagia on discharge to home in older patients in a rural rehabilitation unit. We conducted a secondary analysis using data from a retrospective cohort study including patients aged over 65 years who had been discharged from a community hospital rehabilitation unit in rural Japan. Data from the participants had been previously collected from April 2016 to March 2020. The primary outcome was home discharge. The average participant age was 82.1 (standard deviation, 10.8) years; 34.5% were men. Among medical conditions, brain stroke (44.3%) was the most frequent reason for admission; the most frequent orthopedic condition was femoral fracture (42.9%). The presence of dysphagia (odds ratio [OR] = 0.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.20–0.73), polypharmacy (OR = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.32–0.90), and admission for internal medicine diseases (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.26–0.77) were negatively associated with home discharge. High motor domain scores of the Functional Independence Measure were positively associated with home discharge (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.05–1.08). Dysphagia was negatively associated with home discharge as were polypharmacy and admission for internal medicine diseases and conditions. By clarifying effective interventions through interventional studies, including approaches to managing multimorbidity and polypharmacy through interprofessional collaboration, the health conditions of older patients in rural areas may be improved.

Suggested Citation

  • Ryuichi Ohta & Emily Weiss & Magda Mekky & Chiaki Sano, 2022. "Relationship between Dysphagia and Home Discharge among Older Patients Receiving Hospital Rehabilitation in Rural Japan: A Retrospective Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-17, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:16:p:10125-:d:889348
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dele Raheem & Conrado Carrascosa & Fernando Ramos & Ariana Saraiva & António Raposo, 2021. "Texture-Modified Food for Dysphagic Patients: A Comprehensive Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-24, May.
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    4. Ryuichi Ohta & Mikiya Sato & Jun Kitayuguchi & Tetsuhiro Maeno & Chiaki Sano, 2021. "The Association between the Self-Management of Mild Symptoms and Quality of Life of Elderly Populations in Rural Communities: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-10, August.
    5. Moe Kuroda & Ryuichi Ohta & Kaku Kuroda & Seiji Yamashiro & Keiichiro Kita, 2021. "The Seamless Communication on a Rural Island in Japan: A Qualitative Study from the Perspective of Healthcare Professionals," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-12, September.
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