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Regional Trends and Socioeconomic Predictors of Adolescent Pregnancy in Nigeria: A Nationwide Study

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  • Blessing Jaka Akombi-Inyang

    (School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia)

  • Emma Woolley

    (School of Education, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia)

  • Chinonyerem Ogadi Iheanacho

    (Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Public Health, University of Calabar, Calabar 540271, Nigeria)

  • Khulan Bayaraa

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Intermed Hospital, Ulaanbaatar 17040, Mongolia)

  • Pramesh Raj Ghimire

    (Ujyalo Nepal, Ratnanagar 44200, Nepal)

Abstract

Adolescent pregnancy is a major health concern which has lifelong consequences. The aim of this study is to examine the regional trends and socioeconomic predictors of adolescent pregnancy in Nigeria. This study used pooled data from the 2008, 2013 and 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). A total of 22,761 women aged 15–19 years were selected across the three surveys. Multilevel logistic regression analysis that adjusted for cluster and survey weights was used to identify predictors of adolescent pregnancy in Nigeria, across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Adolescent pregnancy remained constant between 2008 (22.9%; 95% CI = 22.14, 24.66), and 2013 (22.5%; 95% CI = 20.58, 24.50), but a significant decline was reported in 2018 (18.7%; 95% CI = 17.12, 20.46). Trends show a decrease in adolescent pregnancy across all six geopolitical zones, except for the South-East zone which reported a slight increase (0.6%). Multivariable analysis revealed that the main socioeconomic predictors across all six geopolitical zones were: poor households, increasing age, and low education. Exposure to media (watching television and reading newspapers) was reported as predictor in all regions except the North-East geopolitical zone, while all northern zones reported high levels of adolescent pregnancy in male-led households. To address adolescent pregnancy in Nigeria, there is need to promote girls’ education especially among poor households, and for the dissemination of reproductive health messages to adolescents through various forms of mass media campaign, as well as the adoption of social marketing interventions to improve sexual and reproductive health literacy.

Suggested Citation

  • Blessing Jaka Akombi-Inyang & Emma Woolley & Chinonyerem Ogadi Iheanacho & Khulan Bayaraa & Pramesh Raj Ghimire, 2022. "Regional Trends and Socioeconomic Predictors of Adolescent Pregnancy in Nigeria: A Nationwide Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-14, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:13:p:8222-:d:856360
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rafael Cortez & Seemeen Saadat & Edmore Marinda & Oluwole Odutolu, 2016. "Adolescent Fertility and Sexual Health in Nigeria," Health, Nutrition and Population (HNP) Discussion Paper Series 103667, The World Bank.
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    4. Fatema, Kaniz, 2020. "Mass Media Exposure and Maternal Healthcare Utilization in South Asia," SocArXiv 5dhyr, Center for Open Science.
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    Cited by:

    1. Samikshya Poudel & Timothy Dobbins & Husna Razee & Blessing Akombi-Inyang, 2023. "Adolescent Pregnancy in South Asia: A Pooled Analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(12), pages 1-14, June.
    2. Sibusiso Mkwananzi & Ololade Julius Baruwa, 2022. "Chasing the Youth Dividend in Nigeria, Malawi and South Africa: What Is the Role of Poverty in Determining the Health and Health Seeking Behaviour of Young Women?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-9, October.

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