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Impact of COVID-19 on Urban Mobility and Parking Demand Distribution: A Global Review with Case Study in Melbourne, Australia

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  • Biruk G. Mesfin

    (State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Min-Hang District, Shanghai 200240, China)

  • Daniel(Jian) Sun

    (Smart City and Intelligent Transportation Interdisciplinary Center, College of Future Transportation, Chang’an University, Wei-Yang District, Xi’an 710021, China)

  • Bo Peng

    (School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 1954 Huashan Road, Xu-Hui District, Shanghai 200092, China)

Abstract

The tremendous impact of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) on societal, political, and economic rhythms has given rise to a significant overall shift from pre- to post-pandemic policies. Restrictions, stay-at-home regulations, and lockdowns have directly influenced day-to-day urban transportation flow. The rise of door-to-door services and the demand for visiting medical facilities, grocery stores, and restaurants has had a significant impact on urban transportation modal demand, further impacting zonal parking demand distribution. This study reviews the overall impacts of the pandemic on urban transportation with respect to a variety of policy changes in different cities. The parking demand shift was investigated by exploring the during- and post-COVID-19 parking policies of distinct metropolises. The detailed data related to Melbourne city parking, generated by the Internet of things (IoT), such as sensors and devices, are examined. Empirical data from 2019 (16 March to 26 May) and 2020 (16 March to 26 May) are explored in-depth using explanatory data analysis to demonstrate the demand and average parking duration shifts from district to district. The results show that the experimental zones of Docklands, Queensbery, Southbanks, Titles, and Princess Theatre areas have experienced a decrease in percentage change of vehicle presence of 29.2%, 36.3%, 37.7%, 23.7% and 40.9%, respectively. Furthermore, on-street level analysis of Princess Theatre zone, Lonsdale Street, Exhibition Street, Spring Street, and Little Bourke Street parking bays indicated a decrease in percentage change of vehicle presence of 38.7%, 56.4%, 12.6%, and 35.1%, respectively. In conclusion, future potential policymaking frameworks are discussed that could provide further guidance in stipulating epidemic prevention and control policies, particularly in relation to parking regulations during the pandemic.

Suggested Citation

  • Biruk G. Mesfin & Daniel(Jian) Sun & Bo Peng, 2022. "Impact of COVID-19 on Urban Mobility and Parking Demand Distribution: A Global Review with Case Study in Melbourne, Australia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-15, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:13:p:7665-:d:845653
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Guangyue Nian & Bozhezi Peng & Daniel (Jian) Sun & Wenjun Ma & Bo Peng & Tianyuan Huang, 2020. "Impact of COVID-19 on Urban Mobility during Post-Epidemic Period in Megacities: From the Perspectives of Taxi Travel and Social Vitality," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-29, September.
    2. Zhang, Junyi & Hayashi, Yoshitsugu & Frank, Lawrence D., 2021. "COVID-19 and transport: Findings from a world-wide expert survey," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 68-85.
    3. Sun, Daniel(Jian) & Ding, Xueqing, 2019. "Spatiotemporal evolution of ridesourcing markets under the new restriction policy: A case study in Shanghai," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 227-239.
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    Cited by:

    1. Shifang Liu & Shaohua Tan, 2022. "Building a New Framework for Urban Parking Facilities Research with Quality Improvement: The Case of Chongqing, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-24, December.

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