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Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Uptake in a Transborder Population at the Mexico–Guatemala Border, September–November 2021

Author

Listed:
  • Ietza Bojorquez

    (El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, Km. 18.5 Carretera Escenica Tijuana-Ensenada, Tijuana 22506, Baja California, Mexico)

  • René Leyva-Flores

    (Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Cuernavaca 62100, Morelos, Mexico)

  • César Rodríguez-Chávez

    (El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, Km. 18.5 Carretera Escenica Tijuana-Ensenada, Tijuana 22506, Baja California, Mexico)

  • Carlos Hernández-Campos

    (El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, Km. 18.5 Carretera Escenica Tijuana-Ensenada, Tijuana 22506, Baja California, Mexico)

  • Marcel Arévalo

    (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales-Guatemala, 3A Calle 4-44 Zona 10, Guatemala City 01010, Guatemala)

  • Ricardo Cortés-Alcalá

    (Secretaría de Salud, Lieja No. 7, Ciudad de Mexico 06600, Mexico)

  • Georgina Rodríguez-Elizondo

    (Secretaría de Salud, Lieja No. 7, Ciudad de Mexico 06600, Mexico)

  • Sarah Ward

    (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30333, USA)

  • Rebecca Merrill

    (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30333, USA)

  • Alfonso Rodriguez-Lainz

    (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30333, USA)

  • Dianne Escotto

    (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Sierra Nevada 115, Ciudad de Mexico 11000, Mexico)

  • Nirma D. Bustamante

    (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Sierra Nevada 115, Ciudad de Mexico 11000, Mexico)

Abstract

Assessing COVID-19 vaccination uptake of transborder populations is critical for informing public health policies. We conducted a probability (time-venue) survey of adults crossing from Mexico into Guatemala from September to November 2021, with the objective of describing COVID-19 vaccination status, willingness to get vaccinated, and associated factors. The main outcomes were receipt of ≥1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, being fully vaccinated, and willingness to get vaccinated. We assessed the association of outcomes with sociodemographic characteristics using logistic regressions. Of 6518 participants, 50.6% (95%CI 48.3,53.0) were vaccinated (at least one dose); 23.3% (95%CI 21.4,25.2) were unvaccinated but willing to get vaccinated, and 26.1% (95%CI 24.1,28.3) were unvaccinated and unwilling to get vaccinated. Those living in Mexico, independent of country of birth, had the highest proportion vaccinated. The main reason for unwillingness was fear of side effects of COVID-19 vaccines (47.7%, 95%CI 43.6,51.9). Education level was positively associated with the odds of partial and full vaccination as well as willingness to get vaccinated. People identified as Catholic had higher odds of getting vaccinated and being fully vaccinated than members of other religious groups or the non-religious. Further studies should explore barriers to vaccination among those willing to get vaccinated and the motives of the unwilling.

Suggested Citation

  • Ietza Bojorquez & René Leyva-Flores & César Rodríguez-Chávez & Carlos Hernández-Campos & Marcel Arévalo & Ricardo Cortés-Alcalá & Georgina Rodríguez-Elizondo & Sarah Ward & Rebecca Merrill & Alfonso R, 2022. "Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Uptake in a Transborder Population at the Mexico–Guatemala Border, September–November 2021," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-12, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:11:p:6919-:d:832200
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Smriti Mallapaty, 2021. "What the data say about border closures and COVID spread," Nature, Nature, vol. 589(7841), pages 185-185, January.
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