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Cultural Adaptation and Validity Testing of the Portuguese Version of the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ)

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  • Dulce Nascimento Do Ó

    (NOVA National School of Public Health, NOVA University Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
    NOVA National School of Public Health, Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, NOVA University Lisbon, 1600-560 Lisboa, Portugal
    APDP-Diabetes Portugal, Rua Rodrigo da Fonseca 1, 1250-189 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Ana Rita Goes

    (NOVA National School of Public Health, NOVA University Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
    NOVA National School of Public Health, Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, NOVA University Lisbon, 1600-560 Lisboa, Portugal)

  • Gerald Elsworth

    (Centre for Global Health and Equity, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, 453/469-477 Burwood Road, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia)

  • João F. Raposo

    (APDP-Diabetes Portugal, Rua Rodrigo da Fonseca 1, 1250-189 Lisbon, Portugal
    CEDOC-Center for the Study of Chronic Disease, NOVA Medical School, R. Câmara Pestana 6, 1150-199 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Isabel Loureiro

    (NOVA National School of Public Health, NOVA University Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
    NOVA National School of Public Health, Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, NOVA University Lisbon, 1600-560 Lisboa, Portugal)

  • Richard H. Osborne

    (Centre for Global Health and Equity, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, 453/469-477 Burwood Road, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia)

Abstract

Background: Health literacy is considered a determinant of self-management behaviors and health outcomes among people with diabetes. The assessment of health literacy is central to understanding the health needs of a population. This study aimed to adapt the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) to the Portuguese context and to examine the psychometric properties of a population of people with diabetes. Methods: Data were collected using a self-administrated questionnaire from 453 people with diabetes in a specialized diabetes care unit. Analysis included item difficulty level, composite scale reliability, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results: The HLQ showed that the items were easily understood by participants. Composite reliability ranged from 0.74 to 0.83. A nine-factor CFA model was fitted to the 44 items. Given the very restricted model, the fit was quite satisfactory [χ 2 wlsmv = 2147.3 (df = 866), p = 0.001; CFI = 0.931, TLI = 0.925, RMSEA = 0.057 (90% C.I. 0.054–0.060), and WRMR = 1.528]. Conclusion: The Portuguese version of the HLQ has shown satisfactory psychometric properties across its nine separate scales in people with diabetes. Given the strong observed properties of the HLQ across cultures, languages, and diseases, the HLQ is likely to be a useful tool in a range of Portuguese settings.

Suggested Citation

  • Dulce Nascimento Do Ó & Ana Rita Goes & Gerald Elsworth & João F. Raposo & Isabel Loureiro & Richard H. Osborne, 2022. "Cultural Adaptation and Validity Testing of the Portuguese Version of the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-18, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:11:p:6465-:d:824637
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Peter Kolarcik & Eva Cepova & Andrea Madarasova Geckova & Gerald R. Elsworth & Roy W. Batterham & Richard H. Osborne, 2017. "Structural properties and psychometric improvements of the Health Literacy Questionnaire in a Slovak population," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 62(5), pages 591-604, June.
    2. Miguel Arriaga & Rita Francisco & Paulo Nogueira & Jorge Oliveira & Carlota Silva & Gisele Câmara & Kristine Sørensen & Christina Dietscher & Andreia Costa, 2022. "Health Literacy in Portugal: Results of the Health Literacy Population Survey Project 2019–2021," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-15, April.
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