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Stigmatizing Attitudes toward People Living with HIV among Young Women Migrant Workers in Vietnam

Author

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  • Toan Ha

    (Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA)

  • David Givens

    (Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA)

  • Trang Nguyen

    (Institute of Social and Medical Studies, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam)

  • Nam Nguyen

    (Institute of Social and Medical Studies, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam)

Abstract

Despite intensive HIV education and prevention efforts in the past few years, stigmatizing attitudes toward people living with HIV (PLWH) remain a major barrier to HIV prevention and treatment efforts in Vietnam. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of stigmatizing attitudes regarding HIV and identify correlative factors that impact the perceptions of PLWH among a heretofore overlooked demographic in Vietnamese society: women who are migrant workers in designated industrial zones (IZs). A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1061 women migrant workers aged 18 to 29 from January 2020 to November 2020 in Hanoi, Vietnam. Stigmatizing attitudes toward PLWH were measured using a four-item scale. Multiple logistic regression was conducted to examine the factors associated with stigmatizing attitudes. Our findings indicate both substantial levels of stigma persisting among this demographic group as well as the influence of important mitigating factors on the expression of HIV-related stigma. Over seventy-six percent (76.2%) of the participants reported having at least one of the four stigmatizing attitudes. Greater levels of stigmatizing attitudes toward PLWH were significantly associated with lower HIV knowledge, lower levels of education, and identifying as Kinh (the ethnic majority in Vietnam). Additionally, this study found that questions framing HIV infection through a familial lens were significantly associated with lower rates of stigmatizing responses. The high overall levels of stigmatizing attitudes toward PLWH among the study participants suggests that there is an urgent need for the development of culturally appropriate interventions and outreach education activities to reduce stigmatizing attitudes toward PLWH among women who are migrant workers working in the IZs in Vietnam. This study adds to both the existing literature and current efforts and policies around HIV in Vietnam by empirically suggesting that familial-based messaging may be a powerful potential narrative for interventions addressing HIV-related issues such as stigma.

Suggested Citation

  • Toan Ha & David Givens & Trang Nguyen & Nam Nguyen, 2022. "Stigmatizing Attitudes toward People Living with HIV among Young Women Migrant Workers in Vietnam," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-15, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:11:p:6366-:d:822574
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bach Xuan Tran & Tracy Vo & Anh Kim Dang & Quang Nhat Nguyen & Giang Thu Vu & Linh Gia Vu & Khanh Nam Do & Carl A. Latkin & Cyrus S.H. Ho & Roger C.M. Ho, 2019. "Characterizing Unsafe Sexual Behavior among Factory Workers in the Context of Rapid Industrialization in Northern Vietnam," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Hailay Abrha Gesesew & Amanuel Tesfay Gebremedhin & Tariku Dejene Demissie & Mirkuzie Woldie Kerie & Morankar Sudhakar & Lillian Mwanri, 2017. "Significant association between perceived HIV related stigma and late presentation for HIV/AIDS care in low and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(3), pages 1-16, March.
    3. Szu‐Szu Ho & Aisha Holloway, 2016. "The impact of HIV‐related stigma on the lives of HIV‐positive women: an integrated literature review," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 25(1-2), pages 8-19, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Toan Ha & Hui Shi & Tom Wen-Han Su & Roman Shrestha & Sara Baumann & Trang Nguyen & Nam Nguyen & Le Minh Giang & Stephen L Schensul, 2023. "The mediation effects of sexual self-efficacy in the relationship between psychosocial wellbeing and depressive symptoms among female migrant workers in Vietnam," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 69(8), pages 2068-2078, December.
    2. Toan Ha & David Givens & Hui Shi & Trang Nguyen & Nam Nguyen & Roman Shrestha & Linda Frank & Stephen L. Schensul, 2023. "Assessing Barriers and Utilization of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services among Female Migrant Workers in Vietnam," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(14), pages 1-11, July.

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