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Brown Dog Tick ( Rhipicephalus sanguineus Sensu Lato) Infection with Endosymbiont and Human Pathogenic Rickettsia spp., in Northeastern México

Author

Listed:
  • Jordan Salomon

    (Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2475, USA
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Nadia Angelica Fernandez Santos

    (Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Reynosa 88710, Mexico
    Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2475, USA
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Italo B. Zecca

    (Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2475, USA)

  • Jose G. Estrada-Franco

    (Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Reynosa 88710, Mexico)

  • Edward Davila

    (Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2475, USA)

  • Gabriel L. Hamer

    (Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2475, USA)

  • Mario Alberto Rodriguez Perez

    (Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Reynosa 88710, Mexico)

  • Sarah A. Hamer

    (Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2475, USA)

Abstract

Of the documented tick-borne diseases infecting humans in México, Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii , is responsible for most fatalities. Given recent evidence of brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l., as an emerging vector of human RMSF, we aimed to evaluate dogs and their ticks for rickettsiae infections as an initial step in assessing the establishment of this pathosystem in a poorly studied region of northeastern México while evaluating the use of dogs as sentinels for transmission/human disease risk. We sampled owned dogs living in six disadvantaged neighborhoods of Reynosa, northeastern México to collect whole blood and ticks. Of 168 dogs assessed, tick infestation prevalence was 53%, composed of exclusively Rh. sanguineus s. l. ( n = 2170 ticks). Using PCR and sequencing, we identified an overall rickettsiae infection prevalence of 4.1% ( n = 12/292) in ticks, in which eight dogs harbored at least one infected tick. Rickettsiae infections included Rickettsia amblyommatis and Rickettsia parkeri , both of which are emerging human pathogens, as well as Candidatus Rickettsia andeanae. This is the first documentation of pathogenic Rickettsia species in Rh. sanguineus s.l. collected from dogs from northeastern México. Domestic dog infestation with Rickettsia -infected ticks indicates ongoing transmission; thus, humans are at risk for exposure, and this underscores the importance of public and veterinary health surveillance for these pathogens.

Suggested Citation

  • Jordan Salomon & Nadia Angelica Fernandez Santos & Italo B. Zecca & Jose G. Estrada-Franco & Edward Davila & Gabriel L. Hamer & Mario Alberto Rodriguez Perez & Sarah A. Hamer, 2022. "Brown Dog Tick ( Rhipicephalus sanguineus Sensu Lato) Infection with Endosymbiont and Human Pathogenic Rickettsia spp., in Northeastern México," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-13, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:10:p:6249-:d:820420
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bates, Douglas & Mächler, Martin & Bolker, Ben & Walker, Steve, 2015. "Fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models Using lme4," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 67(i01).
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    1. Sarah P. Maxwell & Connie L. McNeely & Chris Brooks & Kevin Thomas, 2022. "Triangulating the New Frontier of Health Geo-Data: Assessing Tick-Borne Disease Risk as an Occupational Hazard among Vulnerable Populations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-15, August.

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