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Dynamics of the Urban Water Footprint on the Tibetan Plateau: A Case Study of Xining, China

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  • Zhirong Chen

    (MOE Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
    Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province Physical Geography and Environmental Process, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China)

  • Binghua Gong

    (Center for Human-Environment System Sustainability (CHESS), State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE), Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
    Faculty of Geographical Science, School of Natural Resources, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

  • Jiayi Jiang

    (Center for Human-Environment System Sustainability (CHESS), State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE), Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
    Faculty of Geographical Science, School of Natural Resources, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

  • Zhifeng Liu

    (Center for Human-Environment System Sustainability (CHESS), State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE), Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
    Faculty of Geographical Science, School of Natural Resources, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

  • Kelong Chen

    (MOE Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
    Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province Physical Geography and Environmental Process, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China)

Abstract

Determining the changes in the urban water footprint ( WF ) of the Tibetan Plateau is important for sustainable development within this region and in downstream regions. Taking Xining, the largest city on the Tibetan Plateau, as an example, this study quantified the changes in the WF of this region in the 2005–2018 period. We found that Xining’s total WF increased by 22.6%, from 8.9 billion to 10.9 billion m 3 in this period. The increase in Xining’s gray WF ( WF gray ) resulting from the intensification of urban point-source pollution was the primary cause of the increase in its total WF . Xining’s WF gray from point-source pollution increased by 75.3%, from 3.1 billion to 5.4 billion m 3 . In addition, Xining’s WF far surpassed the amount of available water resources ( W A ) in this region. It is possible to prevent Xining’s WF from exceeding its W A only by simultaneously controlling point- and nonpoint-source pollution in the future. Thus, it is recommended that great importance be attached to the rapid increase in the WF gray of the Tibetan Plateau resulting from rapid urbanization and that effective measures be implemented to control point- and nonpoint-source pollution, so as to safeguard sustainable development within the Tibetan Plateau and in downstream regions.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhirong Chen & Binghua Gong & Jiayi Jiang & Zhifeng Liu & Kelong Chen, 2021. "Dynamics of the Urban Water Footprint on the Tibetan Plateau: A Case Study of Xining, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-15, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:9:p:4566-:d:543362
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hamish D. Pritchard, 2019. "Asia’s shrinking glaciers protect large populations from drought stress," Nature, Nature, vol. 569(7758), pages 649-654, May.
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