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Social-Ecological Barriers to Access to Healthcare for Adolescents: A Scoping Review

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  • Whitney Garney

    (Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
    Laboratory for Community Health Evaluation and Systems Science (CHESS), Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA)

  • Kelly Wilson

    (Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA)

  • Kobi V. Ajayi

    (Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
    Laboratory for Community Health Evaluation and Systems Science (CHESS), Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
    Education, Direction, Empowerment, & Nurturing (EDEN) Foundation, Abuja 900211, Nigeria)

  • Sonya Panjwani

    (Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
    Laboratory for Community Health Evaluation and Systems Science (CHESS), Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA)

  • Skylar M. Love

    (Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
    Laboratory for Community Health Evaluation and Systems Science (CHESS), Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA)

  • Sara Flores

    (Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
    Laboratory for Community Health Evaluation and Systems Science (CHESS), Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA)

  • Kristen Garcia

    (Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
    Laboratory for Community Health Evaluation and Systems Science (CHESS), Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA)

  • Christi Esquivel

    (Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
    Laboratory for Community Health Evaluation and Systems Science (CHESS), Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA)

Abstract

Access to healthcare for adolescents is often overlooked in the United States due to federal and state-sponsored insurance programs such as Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Program. While these types of programs provide some relief, the issue of healthcare access goes beyond insurance coverage and includes an array of ecological factors that hinder youths from receiving services. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify social-ecological barriers to adolescents’ healthcare access and utilization in the United States. We followed the PRISMA and scoping review methodological framework to conduct a comprehensive literature search in eight electronic databases for peer-reviewed articles published between 2010 and 2020. An inductive content analysis was performed to thematize the categories identified in the data extraction based on the Social-Ecological Model (SEM). Fifty studies were identified. Barriers across the five SEM levels emerged as primary themes within the literature, including intrapersonal-limited knowledge of and poor previous experiences with healthcare services, interpersonal-cultural and linguistic barriers, organizational-structural barriers in healthcare systems, community-social stigma, and policy-inadequate insurance coverage. Healthcare access for adolescents is a systems-level problem requiring a multifaceted approach that considers complex and adaptive behaviors.

Suggested Citation

  • Whitney Garney & Kelly Wilson & Kobi V. Ajayi & Sonya Panjwani & Skylar M. Love & Sara Flores & Kristen Garcia & Christi Esquivel, 2021. "Social-Ecological Barriers to Access to Healthcare for Adolescents: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:8:p:4138-:d:535912
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Soleimanpour, S. & Geierstanger, S.P. & Kaller, S. & McCarter, V. & Brindis, C.D., 2010. "The role of school health centers in health care access and client outcomes," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 100(9), pages 1597-1603.
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    Cited by:

    1. Iris Mone & Suela Vasil & Albano Alia & Sonela Xinxo & Kliton Muça & Genc Burazeri, 2023. "Socio-Demographic Correlates of Barriers to Access Healthcare Services among Children in Post-Communist Albania," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-12, May.
    2. Mumbi Chola & Khumbulani W. Hlongwana & Themba G. Ginindza, 2023. "Mapping Evidence Regarding Decision-Making on Contraceptive Use among Adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-16, February.
    3. Doris W. Chiu & Ava Braccia & Rachel K. Jones, 2024. "Characteristics and Circumstances of Adolescents Obtaining Abortions in the United States," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(4), pages 1-16, April.

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