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Sleep Debt and Social Jetlag Associated with Sleepiness, Mood, and Work Performance among Workers in Japan

Author

Listed:
  • Isa Okajima

    (Department of Psychological Counseling, Faculty of Humanities, Tokyo Kasei University, Tokyo 173-8602, Japan)

  • Yoko Komada

    (Liberal Arts, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan)

  • Wakako Ito

    (Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Tokyo 162-0851, Japan)

  • Yuichi Inoue

    (Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Tokyo 162-0851, Japan
    Department of Somnology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 151-0053, Japan)

Abstract

Although sleep debt and social jetlag (SJL) influence daytime dysfunctions, the effects of both sleep debt and SJL on them have not been analyzed. The aim of this study was to examine the mutual relationship between sleep debt and SJL on daytime sleepiness, mood, and work performance. This study was a cross-sectional study on sleep health conducted on the Japanese general population. A total of 4505 general workers (30% female, aged 43.57 ± 11.63 years) were selected and analyzed. Sleep debt was defined by sleep debt index (SDI), which is the discrepancy between desired and real sleep duration. SJL and SDI scores exhibited a positive but weak coefficient (r = 0.19). In a 4 (SJL) × 3 (SDI) two-way ANOVA, the interaction effects were notable for sleepiness and depression scores, while the group effects were notable for the work performance score. For sleepiness and depression scores, SDI >2 h was not significantly different from SJL. In addition, the impact of SDI was higher than that of SJL on sleepiness (β = 0.17), depression (β = 0.16), and work performance (β = −0.10). The impact of sleep debt was more pronounced than SJL on daytime dysfunctions, although both sleep debt and SJL have negative impacts on them.

Suggested Citation

  • Isa Okajima & Yoko Komada & Wakako Ito & Yuichi Inoue, 2021. "Sleep Debt and Social Jetlag Associated with Sleepiness, Mood, and Work Performance among Workers in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-11, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:6:p:2908-:d:515760
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dana Shiffer & Maura Minonzio & Franca Dipaola & Mattia Bertola & Antonio Roberto Zamuner & Laura Adelaide Dalla Vecchia & Monica Solbiati & Giorgio Costantino & Raffaello Furlan & Franca Barbic, 2018. "Effects of Clockwise and Counterclockwise Job Shift Work Rotation on Sleep and Work-Life Balance on Hospital Nurses," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-10, September.
    2. Tomoko Suzuki & Koichi Miyaki & Yasuharu Sasaki & Yixuan Song & Akizumi Tsutsumi & Norito Kawakami & Akihito Shimazu & Masaya Takahashi & Akiomi Inoue & Sumiko Kurioka & Takuro Shimbo, 2014. "Optimal Cutoff Values of WHO-HPQ Presenteeism Scores by ROC Analysis for Preventing Mental Sickness Absence in Japanese Prospective Cohort," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(10), pages 1-10, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yuta Takano & Suguru Iwano & Takeshi Ando & Isa Okajima, 2023. "Sleep Debt Mediates the Relationship between Work-Related Social Factors, Presenteeism, and Well-Being in Japanese Workers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(7), pages 1-10, March.

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