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Widespread Mutations in Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Gene of Cimex lectularius (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) Populations in Paris

Author

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  • Mohammad Akhoundi

    (Parasitology-Mycology Department, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne Paris Nord University, 93009 Bobigny, France)

  • Dahlia Chebbah

    (Parasitology-Mycology Department, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne Paris Nord University, 93009 Bobigny, France
    Service Parisien de Santé Environnementale, Sous-Direction de la Santé (SPSE), Mairie de Paris, 75019 Paris, France)

  • Denis Sereno

    (MIVEGEC, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier University, 34032 Montpellier, France
    InterTryp, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier University, 34032 Montpellier, France)

  • Anthony Marteau

    (Parasitology-Mycology Department, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne Paris Nord University, 93009 Bobigny, France)

  • Julie Jan

    (Agence Régionale de Santé (ARS) Île-de-France, 35, rue de la Gare, 75935 Paris CEDEX 19, France)

  • Christiane Bruel

    (Agence Régionale de Santé (ARS) Île-de-France, 35, rue de la Gare, 75935 Paris CEDEX 19, France)

  • Nohal Elissa

    (Service Parisien de Santé Environnementale, Sous-Direction de la Santé (SPSE), Mairie de Paris, 75019 Paris, France)

  • Arezki Izri

    (Parasitology-Mycology Department, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne Paris Nord University, 93009 Bobigny, France
    Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE: Aix Marseille Univ, IRD 190, INSERM 1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection), 13005 Marseille, France)

Abstract

Bed bugs, Cimex lectularius and C. hemipterus, are common blood-sucking ectoparasites of humans with a large geographical distribution, worldwide. In France, little is known about the status of bed bugs’ infestation and their resistance to insecticides, particularly, pyrethroids. Here, we aimed to find mutations in the kdr gene, known to be involved in resistance to insecticides. We gathered bed bugs from various infested locations, including 17 private houses, 12 HLM building complex, 29 apartments, 2 EHPAD, and 2 immigrants’ residences. A total of 1211 bed bugs were collected and morphologically identified as C. lectularius . Two fragments of the kdr gene, encompassing codons V419L and L925I, were successfully amplified for 156 specimens. We recorded sense mutation in the first amplified fragment ( kdr1 ) in 89 out of 156 (57%) samples, in which in 61 out of 89 (68.5%) sequences, a change of valine (V) into leucine (L) V419L was observed. Within the second fragment ( kdr2 ), a homozygous mutation was recorded in 73 out of 156 (46.7%) specimens at the codon 925. At this position, 43 out of 73 (58.9%) specimens had a sense mutation leading to the replacement of leucine (L) by isoleucine (I). Among 162 mutant sequences analyzed (89 for the kdr1 fragment and 73 for the kdr2 one), we detected single point mutation in 26.6%, while 73.4% presented the mutation in both kdr1 and kdr2 fragments. All modifications recorded in bed bug populations of Paris are described to be involved in the knockdown resistance ( kdr ) against pyrethroids.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammad Akhoundi & Dahlia Chebbah & Denis Sereno & Anthony Marteau & Julie Jan & Christiane Bruel & Nohal Elissa & Arezki Izri, 2021. "Widespread Mutations in Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Gene of Cimex lectularius (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) Populations in Paris," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-8, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:2:p:407-:d:475926
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mohammad Akhoundi & Denis Sereno & Remy Durand & Asad Mirzaei & Christiane Bruel & Pascal Delaunay & Pierre Marty & Arezki Izri, 2020. "Bed Bugs (Hemiptera, Cimicidae): Overview of Classification, Evolution and Dispersion," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-20, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mohammad Akhoundi & Dahlia Chebbah & Nohal Elissa & Sophie Brun & Julie Jan & Isabelle Lacaze & Arezki Izri, 2023. "Volatile Organic Compounds: A Promising Tool for Bed Bug Detection," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-18, March.

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