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Predictors of Adherence to Smoking Cessation Medications among Current and Ex-Smokers in Australia: Findings from a National Cross-Sectional Survey

Author

Listed:
  • Amanual Getnet Mersha

    (School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia)

  • Michelle Kennedy

    (School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
    Hunter Medical Research Institute, Lot 1, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia)

  • Parivash Eftekhari

    (School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
    Hunter Medical Research Institute, Lot 1, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia)

  • Gillian Sandra Gould

    (Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW 2450, Australia)

Abstract

Background: Adherence to smoking cessation medications (SCMs) improve the rate of successful quitting. This study aimed to evaluate the level of adherence to SCMs and associated factors among smokers and ex-smokers in Australia. Method: A cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted in Australia. Descriptive statistics were used to present the overall characteristics of participants. Cross-tabulation with Pearson’s chi-square test was performed to evaluate the possible associations between factors. To explore barriers and facilitators of adherence to SCMs, logistic regressions were conducted. Results: Among 201 participants, 57 (28.4%) were found to be adherent to SCMs. The odds of being adherent were found to be higher among participants with good social support (AOR = 3.28, 95% CI of 2.30–6.27). Participants who did not experience anxiety symptoms had higher odds of being adherent to SCMs as compared to smokers who had anxiety symptoms (AOR = 4.41, 95% CI of 3.64–14.68). Having previous experience of using SCMs improved adherence four-fold (AOR = 3.87, 95% CI of 1.11–13.44). Level of nicotine dependence showed a direct association with adherence (AOR = 3.53, 95% CI of 1.40–8.95). Not relapsing while on the medications improved adherence (AOR = 2.88, 95% CI of 1.21–6.88). Conclusion: In a study of smokers and ex-smokers in Australia, the self-reported level of adherence to SCMs was found to be low. Adherence was associated with social, psychological, and medication-related factors. Smoking cessation interventions are recommended to include strategies that can address medication adherence.

Suggested Citation

  • Amanual Getnet Mersha & Michelle Kennedy & Parivash Eftekhari & Gillian Sandra Gould, 2021. "Predictors of Adherence to Smoking Cessation Medications among Current and Ex-Smokers in Australia: Findings from a National Cross-Sectional Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-14, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:22:p:12225-:d:684324
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Favel L Mondesir & April P Carson & Raegan W Durant & Marquita W Lewis & Monika M Safford & Emily B Levitan, 2018. "Association of functional and structural social support with medication adherence among individuals treated for coronary heart disease risk factors: Findings from the REasons for Geographic and Racial," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(6), pages 1-13, June.
    2. Linni Gu & Shaomin Wu & Shuliang Zhao & Huixuan Zhou & Shengfa Zhang & Min Gao & Zhiyong Qu & Weijun Zhang & Donghua Tian, 2017. "Association of Social Support and Medication Adherence in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-10, December.
    3. Lisa McDaid & Ross Thomson & Joanne Emery & Tim Coleman & Sue Cooper & Lucy Phillips & Felix Naughton, 2021. "Agreement and Disparities between Women and Stop-Smoking Specialists about How to Promote Adherence to Nicotine Replacement Therapy in Pregnancy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-16, April.
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