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Body Dissatisfaction and Its Association with Health-Related Factors in Rural and Urban Mexican Adolescents from the State of Jalisco

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  • María Rivera-Ochoa

    (Department of Health and Human Performance, ImFINE Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
    North University Center, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Mexico)

  • Marta Arroyo-Bello

    (Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London W1B 2HW, UK
    Department of Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 28040 Madrid, Spain)

  • Asier Mañas

    (Deapartment of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
    Carlos III Health Institute, CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain)

  • Carlos Quesada-González

    (Department of Health and Human Performance, ImFINE Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
    Department of Applied Mathematics to Information and Communication Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain)

  • Barbara Vizmanos-Lamotte

    (Institute of Nutrigenetics and Translational Nutrigenomics, University Center for Health Sciences, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Mexico)

  • Marcela González-Gross

    (Department of Health and Human Performance, ImFINE Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain)

  • Amelia Guadalupe-Grau

    (Department of Health and Human Performance, ImFINE Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
    Carlos III Health Institute, CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

Background: To better understand Mexican adolescent’s body self-perception, this study aimed to analyze their body dissatisfaction (BD) levels according to sex and place of residence. We also aimed to explore differences in body composition (BC), physical fitness (PF), and physical activity (PA) between satisfied and dissatisfied adolescents and to find the associations between BD and these parameters. Methods: Cross-sectional, observational study carried out in Jalisco (Mexico) in which 451 adolescents (43.68% males, 43.90% rural) aged 13–17 years were evaluated. BD and self-perceived PF and PA were assessed with validated questionnaires, while objectively measured PF (strength, explosive strength, speed-agility, and cardiovascular fitness) was assessed using field tests. To evaluate BC, anthropometric measures and bioelectric impedance analysis were carried out. Regression analysis was used to ascertain the associations between health-related factors and body dissatisfaction. Results: Girls obtained higher scores on the BD questionnaire than boys (11.12 ± 3.13 vs. 10.33 ± 2.73; p < 0.05), whereas no geographical differences between rural and urban adolescents were found. BD was positively associated with higher fat mass (β = 0.15; p < 0.001), and negatively associated with muscle mass and PF (β = −0.24 and β = −0.23; p < 0.001). However, PA was not associated with any of the measured parameters. Conclusions: selected parameters of BC, PF, and sex have an impact on the Mexican adolescent’s body satisfaction levels and should be considered when designing future health policies.

Suggested Citation

  • María Rivera-Ochoa & Marta Arroyo-Bello & Asier Mañas & Carlos Quesada-González & Barbara Vizmanos-Lamotte & Marcela González-Gross & Amelia Guadalupe-Grau, 2021. "Body Dissatisfaction and Its Association with Health-Related Factors in Rural and Urban Mexican Adolescents from the State of Jalisco," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-10, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:22:p:12215-:d:684117
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. María Rivera-Ochoa & Javier Brazo-Sayavera & Barbara Vizmanos-Lamotte & Asier Mañas & Juan Ricardo López-Taylor & Marcela González-Gross & Amelia Guadalupe-Grau, 2020. "Health-Related Factors in Rural and Urban Mexican Adolescents from the State of Jalisco: The HELENA-MEX Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-16, December.
    2. Emily W. Flanagan & Arlette C. Perry, 2018. "Perception of Physical Fitness and Exercise Self-Efficacy and Its Contribution to the Relationship between Body Dissatisfaction and Physical Fitness in Female Minority Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-9, June.
    3. Jaroslava Kopcakova & Zuzana Dankulincova Veselska & Andrea Madarasova Geckova & Jitse P. Van Dijk & Sijmen A. Reijneveld, 2014. "Is Being a Boy and Feeling Fat a Barrier for Physical Activity? The Association between Body Image, Gender and Physical Activity among Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-10, October.
    4. Bornioli, Anna & Lewis-Smith, Helena & Smith, Andrew & Slater, Amy & Bray, Isabelle, 2019. "Adolescent body dissatisfaction and disordered eating: Predictors of later risky health behaviours," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 1-1.
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