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Validation of a Questionnaire to Assess Smoking Habits, Attitudes, Knowledge, and Needs among University Students: A Pilot Study among Obstetrics Students

Author

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  • Laura Campo

    (Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
    EPIGET—Epidemiology, Epigenetics, and Toxicology Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy)

  • Francesca Vecera

    (EPIGET—Epidemiology, Epigenetics, and Toxicology Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy)

  • Silvia Fustinoni

    (Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
    EPIGET—Epidemiology, Epigenetics, and Toxicology Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy)

Abstract

In Italy, smoking is still widespread among a relatively high percentage of young people. This study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess smoking habits, passive smoke exposure, electronic cigarette (e-cig) and heated tobacco product (HTP) use, attitudes, knowledge, and needs among undergraduates. A questionnaire consisting of 84 items was developed starting from a literature review and existing questionnaires. A two-round validation was performed by a team of 10 experts. The item-level content validity index (I-CVI), the scale-level content validity index (S-CVI), and the kappa statistics k, taking into account chance agreement, were calculated from the experts’ rating. The questionnaire was emailed to 114 students from the Obstetrics Degree of the University of Milan (Italy) to be pilot tested. After the second round of validation, all indexes were above the respective acceptability criteria: the I-CVI was 1.00 for all but three items, k was >0.74 (“excellent”) for all items, and the S-CVI was 0.964. Eighty-nine students participated in the survey: 17 classified themselves as smokers, eight as new product users, and four as former smokers, 72% students declared to routinely spend free time with smokers, while almost all students believed that healthcare professionals play a pivotal role in preventing smoking towards their patients and society. This questionnaire will be used in a survey among students from the University of Milan as a first step for future campaigns targeting health promotion.

Suggested Citation

  • Laura Campo & Francesca Vecera & Silvia Fustinoni, 2021. "Validation of a Questionnaire to Assess Smoking Habits, Attitudes, Knowledge, and Needs among University Students: A Pilot Study among Obstetrics Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-13, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:22:p:11873-:d:677622
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. WHO World Health Organization, 2013. "Who Report On The Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2013," University of California at San Francisco, Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education qt5t06910t, Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, UC San Francisco.
    2. Vicki Myers & Laura J. Rosen & David M. Zucker & Shoshana Shiloh, 2020. "Parental Perceptions of Children’s Exposure to Tobacco Smoke and Parental Smoking Behaviour," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-10, May.
    3. Ewa Rodakowska & Marta Mazur & Joanna Baginska & Teresa Sierpinska & Giuseppe La Torre & Livia Ottolenghi & Valeria D'Egidio & Fabrizio Guerra, 2020. "Smoking Prevalence, Attitudes and Behavior among Dental Students in Poland and Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-12, October.
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    1. Laura Campo & Silvia Lumia & Silvia Fustinoni, 2022. "Assessing Smoking Habits, Attitudes, Knowledge, and Needs among University Students at the University of Milan, Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-15, September.

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