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Organochlorine Pesticides in Karst Soil: Levels, Distribution, and Source Diagnosis

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  • Wei Chen

    (State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
    School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
    Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental Water Science in the Yangtze River Basin, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
    Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Systematic Water Pollution Control, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China)

  • Faming Zeng

    (School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China)

  • Wei Liu

    (Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China)

  • Jianwei Bu

    (State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
    School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
    Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental Water Science in the Yangtze River Basin, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
    Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Systematic Water Pollution Control, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China)

  • Guofeng Hu

    (China City Environment Protection Engineering Limited Company (CCEPC), Wuhan 430071, China)

  • Songshi Xie

    (Shandong Institute of Geological Survey, Jinan 250013, China)

  • Hongyan Yao

    (Ecological Environment Monitoring Station, Ninth Division, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Tacheng 834601, China)

  • Hong Zhou

    (Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China)

  • Shihua Qi

    (State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
    School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
    Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental Water Science in the Yangtze River Basin, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
    Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Systematic Water Pollution Control, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China)

  • Huanfang Huang

    (State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
    Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
    Resources Utilization, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
    South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, Guangzhou 510535, China)

Abstract

Excessive reclamation and improper use of agrochemicals in karst areas leads to serious non-point source pollution, which is of great concern and needs to be controlled, since contaminants can easily pollute groundwater due to the thin patchy soil and developed karst structures. The occurrences of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in karst soil were investigated by analyzing 25 OCPs in the karst soils near the Three Gorges Dam, China. The total concentrations of OCPs ranged 161–43,100 (6410 ± 9620) pg/g, with the most abundant compounds being p , p’ -DDT and mirex. The concentration differences between the orchard and vegetable field and between upstream and downstream presented the influences of land-use type and water transport on the OCP spatial distributions. Composition analysis indicated the possible fresh inputs of lindane, technical DDT, aldrin, endrin, mirex, and methoxychlor. Their illegal uses implied an insufficient agrochemical management system in undeveloped karst areas. Principal component analysis with multiple linear regression analysis characterized the dominant sources from current agricultural use and current veterinary use in the study area. OCPs in the soils might not pose significant cancer risk for the residents, but they need to be controlled due to their illegal uses and bioaccumulation effect via the food chain.

Suggested Citation

  • Wei Chen & Faming Zeng & Wei Liu & Jianwei Bu & Guofeng Hu & Songshi Xie & Hongyan Yao & Hong Zhou & Shihua Qi & Huanfang Huang, 2021. "Organochlorine Pesticides in Karst Soil: Levels, Distribution, and Source Diagnosis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-16, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:21:p:11589-:d:672092
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Hongling Chen & Dandan Wu & Qiao Wang & Lihu Fang & Yanan Wang & Changlin Zhan & Jiaquan Zhang & Shici Zhang & Junji Cao & Shihua Qi & Shan Liu, 2022. "The Predominant Sources of Heavy Metals in Different Types of Fugitive Dust Determined by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) Modeling in Southeast Hubei: A Typi," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-16, October.
    2. Claudia Campanale & Daniela Losacco & Mariangela Triozzi & Carmine Massarelli & Vito Felice Uricchio, 2022. "An Overall Perspective for the Study of Emerging Contaminants in Karst Aquifers," Resources, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-21, November.
    3. Jun Guo & Zhiying Wei & Chao Zhang & Cong Li & Liangliang Dai & Xin Lu & Kaiqi Xiao & Xiong Mao & Xiuwen Yang & Yiming Jing & Jiaquan Zhang & Wei Chen & Shihua Qi, 2022. "Characteristics and DGT Based Bioavailability of Cadmium in the Soil–Crop Systems from the East Edge of the Dongting Lake, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-11, December.
    4. Zhe Yang & Zhenwu Xiong & Wenhao Xue & Yuhong Zhou, 2022. "The Impact of Pollution Fee Reform on the Emission of Water Pollutants: Evidence from Manufacturing Enterprises in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-17, August.
    5. Roxana Maria Madjar & Gina Vasile Scăețeanu & Mirela Alina Sandu, 2024. "Sustainable Water Monitoring via Analytical Techniques and Protocols Applied in the Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-37, June.
    6. Liping Li & Lanfang Han & Aiju Liu & Fayuan Wang, 2022. "Imperfect but Hopeful: New Advances in Soil Pollution and Remediation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-3, August.
    7. Wei Chen & Bo Peng & Huanfang Huang & Ye Kuang & Zhe Qian & Wenting Zhu & Wei Liu & Yuan Zhang & Yuan Liao & Xiufang Zhao & Hong Zhou & Shihua Qi, 2021. "Distribution and Potential Sources of OCPs and PAHs in Waters from the Danshui River Basin in Yichang, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-14, December.

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