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ACTN3 Genotypes and Their Relationship with Muscle Mass and Function of Kosovan Adults

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  • Arben Boshnjaku

    (Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Auf der Schmelz 6, 1150 Vienna, Austria
    Faculty of Medicine, University “Fehmi Agani” in Gjakova, Ismail Qemali n.n., 50000 Gjakovë, Kosovo)

  • Ermira Krasniqi

    (Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
    Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria)

  • Harald Tschan

    (Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Auf der Schmelz 6, 1150 Vienna, Austria)

  • Barbara Wessner

    (Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Auf der Schmelz 6, 1150 Vienna, Austria
    Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria)

Abstract

Maintaining muscle mass and function is important throughout the lifestyle. While environmental factors such as physical activity and healthy nutrition are well investigated, the contribution of genetic factors is still controversial. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the impact of a common ACTN3 polymorphism (rs1815739) on body composition, handgrip strength, knee extensor peak torque, and physical performance (gait speed, 30-s arm curl, 30-s chair stand) in Kosovan adults. In total, 308 participants (160 females and 148 males, age range from 40 to 91 years) took part in this cross-sectional study. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva and assessed for ACTN3 genotype distribution (41.5% of RR, 53.9% of RX and 4.6% of XX). Genotype allocation did not account for differences in any of the variables. Interestingly, female XX carriers were taller ( p = 0.025) and had a higher isokinetic knee extension peak torque ( p = 0.024) than the RX+RR group. In males, XX carriers were also taller ( p = 0.049) and had a lower BMI ( p = 0.026), but did not differ in any of the strength and performance parameters. These results indicate that the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism might exert a sex-specific impact on knee extensor peak torque and BMI.

Suggested Citation

  • Arben Boshnjaku & Ermira Krasniqi & Harald Tschan & Barbara Wessner, 2021. "ACTN3 Genotypes and Their Relationship with Muscle Mass and Function of Kosovan Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-13, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:17:p:9135-:d:625120
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ana Fernández-Araque & Andrea Giaquinta-Aranda & Jose Andrés Rodríguez-Díez & Silvia Carretero-Molinero & Jorge López-López & Zoraida Verde, 2021. "Muscular Strength and Quality of Life in Older Adults: The Role of ACTN3 R577X Polymorphism," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-11, January.
    2. Phuntila Tharabenjasin & Noel Pabalan & Hamdi Jarjanazi, 2019. "Association of the ACTN3 R577X (rs1815739) polymorphism with elite power sports: A meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(5), pages 1-20, May.
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