IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i16p8496-d612597.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Occurrence of Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus among Humans, Rodents, Chickens, and Household Soils in Karatu, Northern Tanzania

Author

Listed:
  • Valery Silvery Sonola

    (Department of Wildlife Management, College of Forestry, Wildlife and Tourism, P.O. Box 3073, Morogoro 67125, Tanzania
    Livestock Training Agency (LITA), Buhuri Campus, P.O. Box 1483, Tanga 21206, Tanzania)

  • Gerald Misinzo

    (Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Parasitology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3297, Morogoro 67125, Tanzania
    SACIDS Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3297, Morogoro 67125, Tanzania)

  • Mecky Isaac Matee

    (SACIDS Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3297, Morogoro 67125, Tanzania
    Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam 11103, Tanzania)

Abstract

We conducted this study to investigate the isolation frequency and phenotypic antibiotic resistance pattern of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from rodents, chickens, humans, and household soils. Specimens were plated onto mannitol salt agar (Oxoid, Basingstoke, UK) and incubated aerobically at 37 °C for 24 h. Presumptive colonies of S. aureus were subjected to Gram staining, as well as catalase, deoxyribonuclease (DNAse), and coagulase tests for identification. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method on Mueller–Hinton agar (Oxoid, Basingstoke, UK). The antibiotics tested were tetracycline (30 μg), erythromycin (15 μg), gentamicin (10 μg), ciprofloxacin (5 μg), clindamycin (2 μg), and amoxicillin-clavulanate (20 μg/10 μg). The S. aureus strain American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 25,923 was used as the standard organism. We found that 483 out of 956 (50.2%) samples were positive for S. aureus . The isolation frequencies varied significantly between samples sources, being 52.1%, 66.5%, 74.3%, and 24.5%, respectively, in chickens, humans, rodents, and soil samples ( p < 0.001). S. aureus isolates had high resistance against clindamycin (51.0%), erythromycin (50.9%), and tetracycline (62.5%). The overall prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. aureus isolates was 30.2%, with 8.7% resistant to at least four different classes of antibiotics.

Suggested Citation

  • Valery Silvery Sonola & Gerald Misinzo & Mecky Isaac Matee, 2021. "Occurrence of Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus among Humans, Rodents, Chickens, and Household Soils in Karatu, Northern Tanzania," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-9, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:16:p:8496-:d:612597
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/16/8496/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/16/8496/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ingvild Odsbu & Smita Khedkar & Frida Lind & Uday Khedkar & Sandeep S. Nerkar & Nicola Orsini & Ashok J. Tamhankar & Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg, 2018. "Trends in Resistance to Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporins and Carbapenems among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. Isolates in a District in Western India during 2004–2014," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-15, January.
    2. Olufemi Emmanuel Akanbi & Henry Akum Njom & Justine Fri & Anthony C. Otigbu & Anna M. Clarke, 2017. "Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Recreational Waters and Beach Sand in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-15, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yingying Wang & Jialing Lin & Ting Zhang & Suiping He & Ying Li & Wencui Zhang & Xiaohua Ye & Zhenjiang Yao, 2020. "Environmental Contamination Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Characteristics of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus and Staphylococcus Epidermidis Isolated from Secondary Sch," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-9, January.
    2. João Brandão & Elisabete Valério & Chelsea Weiskerger & Cristina Veríssimo & Konstantina Sarioglou & Monika Novak Babič & Helena M. Solo-Gabriele & Raquel Sabino & Maria Teresa Rebelo, 2023. "Strategies for Monitoring Microbial Life in Beach Sand for Protection of Public Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(9), pages 1-21, May.
    3. Kousar Banu Hoorzook & Anton Pieterse & Lee Heine & Tobias George Barnard & Nickey Janse van Rensburg, 2021. "Soul of the Jukskei River: The Extent of Bacterial Contamination in the Jukskei River in Gauteng Province, South Africa," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-19, August.
    4. Ashok J. Tamhankar & Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg, 2019. "Antimicrobials and Antimicrobial Resistance in the Environment and Its Remediation: A Global One Health Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-7, November.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:16:p:8496-:d:612597. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.