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Effects of Acute Beta-Alanine Ingestion and Immersion-Plus-Exercise on Connectedness to Nature and Perceived Pain

Author

Listed:
  • R. W. Salatto

    (Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Science, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA)

  • Graham R. McGinnis

    (Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Science, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA)

  • Dustin W. Davis

    (Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Science, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA)

  • Bryson Carrier

    (Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Science, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA)

  • Jacob W. Manning

    (Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, UT 84720, USA)

  • Mark DeBeliso

    (Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, UT 84720, USA)

  • James W. Navalta

    (Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Science, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA)

Abstract

This double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover study examined the effect of induced painful sensation (via acute Beta Alanine (B-ALA) ingestion) on Love and Care of Nature (LCN), heart rate (HR), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) during outdoor exercise. Twenty participants volunteered on consecutive days to complete a 0.8 km (0.5 mi) up-hill hike after consuming either B-ALA (6.4 g) or placebo. Immediately after consumption participants answered LCN, RPE, and MPQ questionnaires, immersed in a natural environment for 45 min, and then completed a hike as quickly as possible without running. No difference in HR ( p = 0.846), or RPE ( p = 0.606) were observed between treatments. Total MPQ scores increased with consumption of B-ALA ( p = 0.001). An increased LCN score was observed following exercise regardless of condition ( p = 0.035). The results demonstrate that acute B-ALA supplementation is effective in increasing perceived pain sensations. The results also demonstrate an increase in LCN in the presence of increased perceptions of pain sensations during exercise.

Suggested Citation

  • R. W. Salatto & Graham R. McGinnis & Dustin W. Davis & Bryson Carrier & Jacob W. Manning & Mark DeBeliso & James W. Navalta, 2021. "Effects of Acute Beta-Alanine Ingestion and Immersion-Plus-Exercise on Connectedness to Nature and Perceived Pain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-12, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:15:p:8134-:d:606152
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Martin Niedermeier & Carina Grafetstätter & Arnulf Hartl & Martin Kopp, 2017. "A Randomized Crossover Trial on Acute Stress-Related Physiological Responses to Mountain Hiking," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-14, August.
    2. Michael J. Duncan & Neil D. Clarke & Samantha L. Birch & Jason Tallis & Joanne Hankey & Elizabeth Bryant & Emma L. J. Eyre, 2014. "The Effect of Green Exercise on Blood Pressure, Heart Rate and Mood State in Primary School Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-11, April.
    3. Mike Rogerson & Valerie F. Gladwell & Daniel J. Gallagher & Jo L. Barton, 2016. "Influences of Green Outdoors versus Indoors Environmental Settings on Psychological and Social Outcomes of Controlled Exercise," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-16, March.
    4. Jin-Woo Han & Han Choi & Yo-Han Jeon & Chong-Hyeon Yoon & Jong-Min Woo & Won Kim, 2016. "The Effects of Forest Therapy on Coping with Chronic Widespread Pain: Physiological and Psychological Differences between Participants in a Forest Therapy Program and a Control Group," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-13, February.
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