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Effects of Functional Fitness Enhancement through Taekwondo Training on Physical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Dementia in Elderly Women with Depression

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Listed:
  • Sun-Hong Baek

    (Taekwondo Institute of Health and Culture, Dong-A University, 37, Nakdong-Daero, 550, Sahagu, Busan 49315, Korea)

  • Ga-Ram Hong

    (Taekwondo Institute of Health and Culture, Dong-A University, 37, Nakdong-Daero, 550, Sahagu, Busan 49315, Korea)

  • Do-Kyum Min

    (Graduate School, Dong-A University, 37, Nakdong-Daero 550, Sahagu, Busan 49315, Korea)

  • Eun-Hee Kim

    (Department of Taekwondo, Dong-A University, 37, Nakdong-Daero 550, Sahagu, Busan 49315, Korea)

  • Sang-Kab Park

    (College of Arts and Sports, Dong-A University, 37, Nakdong-Daero, 550, Sahagu, Busan 49315, Korea)

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to identify the correlations between functional fitness enhancement through a long-term Taekwondo training program and the physical characteristics and risk factors of dementia among elderly women with depression. The study has found that conducting three 60-min Taekwondo training sessions a week for the duration of 12 weeks has enhanced a number of functional fitness indexes, including hand grip strength/weight ( p < 0.01), 4-m gait speed ( p < 0.001), 3-m timed up and go ( p < 0.05), and figure-of-eight track ( p < 0.05), and significantly improved general health condition indexes as well, including percent fat ( p < 0.05), appendicular skeletal muscle mass index ( p < 0.01), systolic blood pressure ( p < 0.01), and diastolic blood pressure ( p < 0.001). Furthermore, the arteriosclerosis index and cognitive function have been found to be improved with an increase of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF; which prevents dementia) and a significant decrease of β-amyloid—a risk factor of dementia—as a result of enhancements in serum lipids and adiponectin, confirming the positive effects of functional fitness enhancement on fighting depression, promoting physical characteristics, and reducing the risk factors of dementia.

Suggested Citation

  • Sun-Hong Baek & Ga-Ram Hong & Do-Kyum Min & Eun-Hee Kim & Sang-Kab Park, 2021. "Effects of Functional Fitness Enhancement through Taekwondo Training on Physical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Dementia in Elderly Women with Depression," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-13, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:15:p:7961-:d:602957
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yun Hwan Kim & Min Ki Jeong & Hyuntae Park & Sang Kab Park, 2021. "Effects of Regular Taekwondo Intervention on Health-Related Physical Fitness, Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Elderly Women with Hypertension," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-14, March.
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