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Physical Activity among Adults Residing in 11 Countries during the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown

Author

Listed:
  • Kele Ding

    (School of Health Science, College of Education Health & Human Service, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
    These two authors equally contributed to this work as first authors.)

  • Jingzhen Yang

    (Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
    These two authors equally contributed to this work as first authors.)

  • Ming-Kai Chin

    (Foundation for Global Community Health, Las Vegas, NV 89012, USA)

  • Lindsay Sullivan

    (Discipline of Children’s Studies, School of Education, National University of Ireland, H91 Galway, Ireland)

  • J. Larry Durstine

    (Department of Exercise Science, Norman J. Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA)

  • Verónica Violant-Holz

    (Department of Didactics and Educative Organization, University of Barcelona, 08015 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Giyasettin Demirhan

    (Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey)

  • Nara R.C. Oliveira

    (Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Santos 11015, Brazil)

  • Biljana Popeska

    (Faculty of Educational Sciences, Goce Delcev University, 2000 Stip, North Macedonia)

  • Garry Kuan

    (Exercise and Sports Science, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia)

  • Waheeda Khan

    (Faculty of Behavioural Sciences, SGT University, Gurugram 122505, India)

  • Jianhui Dai

    (School of Physical Education and Sports, Soochow University, Suzhou 215021, China)

  • Xia Xu

    (Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China)

  • Zornitza Mladenova

    (Association of Touristic Animators, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria)

  • Govindasamy Balasekaran

    (National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore)

  • Gary A. Smith

    (Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA)

  • on behalf of Global Community Health-COVID-19 Collaborative Research Team

    (Members listed at end of report.)

Abstract

During the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, physical activity (PA) behaviors were altered worldwide due to public health measures such as “lockdown.” This study described PA among adults residing in 11 countries during COVID-19 lockdown and examined factors associated with PA engagement. We conducted a cross-sectional anonymous survey among adults (≥18 years old) in 11 countries (Brazil, Bulgaria, China, India, Ireland, Malaysia, North Macedonia, Singapore, Spain, Turkey, United States). Of 11,775 participants, 63.7% were female and 52.8% were 18–34 years old. More than 40% of participants were insufficiently active (43.9%) and reported a decrease in their PA during lockdown (44.8%). Statistically significant differences were observed in (1) proportions of participants being insufficiently active, (2) level of PA, and (3) decrease in PA across the 11 countries. More stringent governmental policy responses were associated with greater likelihood of being insufficiently active during lockdown (adjusted odds ratio = 1.22, 95% confidence interval = 1.03, 1.45). Higher depression or anxiety scores were associated with greater likelihood of decreased level of PA during lockdown.We found substantial reductions in PA levels during COVID-19 lockdown across countries. Country-specific PA promotion interventions are needed during this and similar global emergencies.

Suggested Citation

  • Kele Ding & Jingzhen Yang & Ming-Kai Chin & Lindsay Sullivan & J. Larry Durstine & Verónica Violant-Holz & Giyasettin Demirhan & Nara R.C. Oliveira & Biljana Popeska & Garry Kuan & Waheeda Khan & Jian, 2021. "Physical Activity among Adults Residing in 11 Countries during the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-16, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:13:p:7056-:d:586934
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    1. Julia Lee Romero & Qin Lv, 2022. "Global Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical Activity Habits of Competitive Runners: An Analysis of Wearable Device Data," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-12, October.
    2. Cheryl A. Howe & Riley J. Corrigan & Fernanda Rocha de Faria & Zoe Johanni & Paul Chase & Angela R. Hillman, 2021. "Impact of COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Restrictions on Employment Status, Physical Activity, and Sedentary Behavior," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-13, November.
    3. Jing Mun Yew & Yee Cheng Kueh & Bachok Norsa’adah & Foo Weng Leong & Heen Yeong Tang & Garry Kuan, 2022. "A Path Model of the Relationship between Mood, Exercise Behavior, Coping, and Mental Health among Malaysians during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-13, May.
    4. Christina Amo & Najla Almansour & Idethia S. Harvey, 2022. "Physical Activity and Mental Health Declined during the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Literature Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-17, September.
    5. Valentin Benzing & Sanaz Nosrat & Alireza Aghababa & Vassilis Barkoukis & Dmitriy Bondarev & Yu-Kai Chang & Boris Cheval & Muhammet Cihat Çiftçi & Hassan M. Elsangedy & Maria Luisa M. Guinto & Zhijian, 2021. "Staying Active under Restrictions: Changes in Type of Physical Exercise during the Initial COVID-19 Lockdown," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-18, November.

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