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Association between Physical Activity and Mood States of Children and Adolescents in Social Isolation during the COVID-19 Epidemic

Author

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  • Xinxin Zhang

    (Department of Exercise Science, School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)

  • Wenfei Zhu

    (Department of Exercise Science, School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)

  • Sifan Kang

    (Department of Exercise Science, School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)

  • Longkun Qiu

    (Department of Exercise Science, School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)

  • Zijun Lu

    (Department of Exercise Science, School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)

  • Yuliang Sun

    (Department of Exercise Science, School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)

Abstract

The COVID-19 epidemic adversely affects the lifestyle of people. This study aimed to examine the impacts of social isolation on physical activity (PA) levels and mood states of children and adolescents and to explore the correlation between them during the COVID-19 epidemic. A total of 9979 children and adolescents (11.63 ± 1.23 years old) from Yan’an, China volunteered to participate in this study and completed online questionnaires. PA and mood states were measured by International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and Profile of Mood States (POMS), respectively. The results showed that the mean of students’ moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was 23.19 min per day. The total mood disturbance in the moderate and high-level PA groups were significantly lower than those in the low-level PA group ( p < 0.05). Additionally, boys and girls had significant differences in PA levels ( p < 0.01), and the PA levels of students in different grades were also significantly different ( p < 0.01). Meanwhile, boys’ mood states were worse than girls’. The Grade 4 in primary schools had the worst mood states while Grade 5 had the best mood states. The results suggested that the MVPA of students has dropped badly, compared with the results of previous studies investigated in normal times. In addition, the PA level had a significantly positive impact on the mood states of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 epidemic. Sex and grades were factors which affected the PA levels and mood states. This study can help policymakers and healthcare professionals understand PA and mood states of Chinese children and adolescents during the epidemic. We should pay attention to the changes in PA levels and mood states of children and adolescents.

Suggested Citation

  • Xinxin Zhang & Wenfei Zhu & Sifan Kang & Longkun Qiu & Zijun Lu & Yuliang Sun, 2020. "Association between Physical Activity and Mood States of Children and Adolescents in Social Isolation during the COVID-19 Epidemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-12, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:20:p:7666-:d:432185
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Aureliusz Andrzej Kosendiak & Michał Piotr Wysocki & Paweł Piotr Krysiński, 2022. "Lifestyle, Physical Activity and Dietary Habits of Medical Students of Wroclaw Medical University during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-17, June.
    3. Junliang He & Longkun Qiu, 2022. "Gender and Age Association with Physical Activity and Mood States of Children and Adolescents in Social Isolation during the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-10, November.
    4. Devin P. Adams & Jasmine R. Holt & Jenna A. Martin & Danielle M. Houpy & Kathryn A. Hollenbach, 2022. "The Effect of COVID-19 Lockdown on PHQ Depression Screening Scores for High School Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-9, August.
    5. Aureliusz Kosendiak & Magdalena Król & Milena Ściskalska & Marta Kepinska, 2021. "The Changes in Stress Coping, Alcohol Use, Cigarette Smoking and Physical Activity during COVID-19 Related Lockdown in Medical Students in Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-15, December.
    6. Aleksandra Badora & Krzysztof Kud & Marian Woźniak, 2022. "Consumer Attitudes as Part of Lifestyle in the COVID-19 Emergency," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-20, August.
    7. Abraham Batalla-Gavalda & Pau Cecilia-Gallego & Fernando Revillas-Ortega & Jose Vicente Beltran-Garrido, 2021. "Variations in the Mood States during the Different Phases of COVID-19’s Lockdown in Young Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-9, September.
    8. Nóra Kerekes & Kourosh Bador & Anis Sfendla & Mohjat Belaatar & Abdennour El Mzadi & Vladimir Jovic & Rade Damjanovic & Maria Erlandsson & Hang Thi Minh Nguyen & Nguyet Thi Anh Nguyen & Scott F. Ulber, 2021. "Changes in Adolescents’ Psychosocial Functioning and Well-Being as a Consequence of Long-Term COVID-19 Restrictions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-22, August.
    9. Rachel L. Knight & Melitta A. McNarry & Adam W. Runacres & James Shelley & Liba Sheeran & Kelly A. Mackintosh, 2022. "Moving Forward: Understanding Correlates of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour during COVID-19 in Children and Adolescents—An Integrative Review and Socioecological Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-13, January.
    10. Mengfei Li & Qianhui Wang & Jing Shen, 2022. "The Impact of Physical Activity on Mental Health during COVID-19 Pandemic in China: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-17, May.
    11. Michael Braksiek & Uta Lindemann & Iris Pahmeier, 2022. "Physical Activity and Stress of Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany—A Cross-Sectional Study in Rural Areas," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-13, July.
    12. Deborah M. Telford & Dana M. Signal & Paul L. Hofman & Silmara Gusso, 2021. "Physical Activity in Adolescents with and without Type 1 Diabetes during the New Zealand COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown of 2020," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-12, April.
    13. Lea Rossi & Nick Behme & Christoph Breuer, 2021. "Physical Activity of Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-18, October.

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