IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i13p6992-d585340.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

An Exploration of the Labor, Financial, and Economic Factors Related to Suicide in the Republic of Kazakhstan

Author

Listed:
  • Ken Inoue

    (Research and Education Faculty, Medical Sciences Cluster, Health Service Center, Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520, Japan
    The Center for Peace, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 730-0053, Japan)

  • Nursultan Seksenbayev

    (Department of Psychiatry, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan)

  • Nailya Chaizhunusova

    (Department of Public Health, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan)

  • Timur Moldagaliyev

    (Department of Psychiatry, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan)

  • Nargul Ospanova

    (Department of Psychiatry, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan)

  • Sholpan Tokesheva

    (Department of Public Health, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan)

  • Yersin T. Zhunussov

    (Chairman of the Board-Rector, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan)

  • Nobuo Takeichi

    (Takeichi Clinic, Hiroshima 732-0806, Japan)

  • Yoshihiro Noso

    (Department of Health Services Management, Hiroshima International University, Hiroshima 739-2695, Japan)

  • Masaharu Hoshi

    (The Center for Peace, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 730-0053, Japan)

  • Noriyuki Kawano

    (The Center for Peace, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 730-0053, Japan)

Abstract

The Republic of Kazakhstan has one of the world’s highest suicide rates. A detailed study of the risk factors for suicide in that country is therefore important. We investigated country-wide statistics related to labor, financial, and economic factors and whether any of these factors contribute to the risk of suicide in Kazakhstan. Using the 20 year period from 2000 to 2019, we examined the annual suicide rates overall (all citizens) and for males and females in Kazakhstan, annual unemployment rates, annual rates of increase in the country’s consumer price index, annual total exports, and annual total imports. We then calculated the correlations between the suicide rates and these four items. We also performed a multiple regression analysis of the relationship between the suicide rate and those four items. The results of these analyses indicated that the unemployment rate was the correlation coefficient most highly correlated with the suicide rate; unemployment was significantly related to suicide and should be targeted as a risk factor in suicide prevention interventions in Kazakhstan. With this in mind, organizations, government agencies, and professionals in relevant fields need to devise and implement suicide prevention measures.

Suggested Citation

  • Ken Inoue & Nursultan Seksenbayev & Nailya Chaizhunusova & Timur Moldagaliyev & Nargul Ospanova & Sholpan Tokesheva & Yersin T. Zhunussov & Nobuo Takeichi & Yoshihiro Noso & Masaharu Hoshi & Noriyuki , 2021. "An Exploration of the Labor, Financial, and Economic Factors Related to Suicide in the Republic of Kazakhstan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-9, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:13:p:6992-:d:585340
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/13/6992/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/13/6992/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Evangelos C. Alexopoulos & Katerina Kavalidou & Fani Messolora, 2019. "Suicide Mortality Patterns in Greek Work Force before and during the Economic Crisis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-9, February.
    2. Ines Testoni & Elisa Tronca & Gianmarco Biancalani & Lucia Ronconi & Giovanna Calapai, 2020. "Beyond the Wall: Death Education at Middle School as Suicide Prevention," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-12, April.
    3. Alexandra Pitman & Tanisha De Souza & Adelia Khrisna Putri & Fiona Stevenson & Michael King & David Osborn & Nicola Morant, 2018. "Support Needs and Experiences of People Bereaved by Suicide: Qualitative Findings from a Cross-Sectional British Study of Bereaved Young Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-21, April.
    4. repec:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2016.303624_1 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Matthay, E.C. & Galin, J. & Ahern, J., 2017. "Changing patterns in rates and means of suicide in California, 2005 to 2013," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 107(3), pages 427-429.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Nursultan Seksenbayev & Ken Inoue & Elaman Toleuov & Kamila Akkuzinova & Zhanna Karimova & Timur Moldagaliyev & Nargul Ospanova & Nailya Chaizhunusova & Altay Dyussupov, 2022. "Is the Association between Suicide and Unemployment Common or Different among the Post-Soviet Countries?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-12, June.
    2. Zia Ullah & Nighat Akbar Shah & Sonia Shamroz Khan & Naveed Ahmad & Miklas Scholz, 2021. "Mapping Institutional Interventions to Mitigate Suicides: A Study of Causes and Prevention," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-16, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Lorenza Entilli & Victoria Ross & Diego De Leo & Sabrina Cipolletta & Kairi Kõlves, 2021. "Experiences of Parental Suicide-Bereavement: A Longitudinal Qualitative Analysis over Two Years," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-12, January.
    2. Konstantinos N. Zafeiris, 2023. "Greece since the 1960s: the mortality transition revisited: a joinpoint regression analysis," Journal of Population Research, Springer, vol. 40(1), pages 1-31, March.
    3. Ines Testoni & Silvia Piol & Diego De Leo, 2021. "Suicide Prevention: University Students’ Narratives on Their Reasons for Living and for Dying," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-15, July.
    4. Nazaret Martínez-Heredia & Andrés Soriano Díaz & Ana Amaro Agudo & Gracia González-Gijón, 2021. "Health Education as a Means of Addressing Death in the Elderly," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-12, June.
    5. Valeriya Azorina & Nicola Morant & Hedvig Nesse & Fiona Stevenson & David Osborn & Michael King & Alexandra Pitman, 2019. "The Perceived Impact of Suicide Bereavement on Specific Interpersonal Relationships: A Qualitative Study of Survey Data," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-15, May.
    6. Ines Testoni & Vito Fabio Sblano & Lorenza Palazzo & Sara Pompele & Michael Alexander Wieser, 2020. "The Hospice as a Learning Environment: A Follow-Up Study with a Palliative Care Team," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-13, October.
    7. Corinne Peek-Asa & Ling Zhang & Cara Hamann & Jonathan Davis & Laura Schwab-Reese, 2021. "Characteristics and Circumstances Associated with Work-Related Suicides from the National Violent Death Reporting System, 2013–2017," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-12, September.
    8. Merike Sisask & Kairi Kõlves, 2018. "Towards a Greater Understanding of Suicidal Behaviour and Its Prevention," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-8, August.
    9. Alexandra Pitman & Fiona Stevenson & David Osborn, 2022. "Investigating Whether Bereavement by Suicide and Other Unnatural Causes Has a Deterrent Effect on Alcohol or Drug Use in Young Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-11, October.
    10. Millie Tamworth & Helen Killaspy & Jo Billings & Rachel Gibbons, 2022. "Psychiatrists’ Experience of a Peer Support Group for Reflecting on Patient Suicide and Homicide: A Qualitative Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-16, November.
    11. Hao Cheng, 2024. "Seeing life through life: Unpacking life education in intergenerational learning in China," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-12, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:13:p:6992-:d:585340. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.