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Socioeconomic Inequities in Youth Participation in Physical Activity and Sports

Author

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  • Pooja S. Tandon

    (Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
    Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA)

  • Emily Kroshus

    (Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
    Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA)

  • Katharine Olsen

    (Center for Leadership in Athletics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA)

  • Kimberly Garrett

    (Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98105, USA)

  • Pingping Qu

    (Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98105, USA)

  • Julie McCleery

    (Center for Leadership in Athletics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA)

Abstract

Access to opportunities for physical activity and sports, and therefore potential benefits of participation, are distributed inequitably. The aims of this study were to describe and compare youth experiences related to sport and physical activity by socioeconomic factors. A cross-sectional survey was conducted of students in 5–12th grades in King County, Washington, USA. Students were asked about physical activity and sports experiences and about demographic factors including family affluence, which was categorized as low, medium, and high. Participants were 1038 youth (50% girls, 58% non-White, and 32% from homes where languages other than English are spoken). Children from low-affluence families reported fewer days/week of physical activity, fewer sports sampled, and lower rates of ever playing sports. Greater proportions of children from low-affluence families reported these barriers to sports: (1) don’t want to get hurt, (2) don’t feel welcome on teams, (3) too expensive, and (4) transportation. Middle school children from high-affluence families had three times higher odds of meeting physical activity recommendations, and high-affluence high schoolers had three times higher odds of ever participating in sports compared to peers from low-affluence families. Socioeconomic status was inversely associated with outcomes related to youth physical activity and sports participation. The disproportionately reported barriers to sports participation are modifiable, and cross-sector solutions can help promote play equity.

Suggested Citation

  • Pooja S. Tandon & Emily Kroshus & Katharine Olsen & Kimberly Garrett & Pingping Qu & Julie McCleery, 2021. "Socioeconomic Inequities in Youth Participation in Physical Activity and Sports," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-10, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:13:p:6946-:d:584360
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. William Boyce & Torbjorn Torsheim & Candace Currie & Alessio Zambon, 2006. "The Family Affluence Scale as a Measure of National Wealth: Validation of an Adolescent Self-Report Measure," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 78(3), pages 473-487, September.
    2. Powell, L.M. & Slater, S. & Chaloupka, F.J. & Harper, D., 2006. "Availability of physical activity-related facilities and neighborhood demographic and socioeconomic characteristics: A national study," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 96(9), pages 1676-1680.
    3. Bettina Bringolf-Isler & Urs Mäder & Alain Dössegger & Heidi Hofmann & Jardena Puder & Charlotte Braun-Fahrländer & Susi Kriemler, 2015. "Regional differences of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in Swiss children are not explained by socio-demographics or the built environment," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 60(3), pages 291-300, March.
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    2. Lucciano Testa & David Parra-Camacho & Ana María Gómez-Tafalla & Fernando Garcia-Pascual & Daniel Duclos-Bastías, 2023. "Local Impact of a Sports Centre: Effects on Future Intentions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-15, March.
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