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Geochemical Baseline Establishment and Source-Oriented Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Lime Concretion Black Soil from a Typical Agricultural Area

Author

Listed:
  • Qi Li

    (School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
    School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
    National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling, Suzhou 234000, China)

  • Jinming Zhang

    (School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China)

  • Wen Ge

    (School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China)

  • Peng Sun

    (School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China)

  • Yafen Han

    (School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China)

  • Husen Qiu

    (School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China)

  • Shoubiao Zhou

    (School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China)

Abstract

To accurately assess the potential ecological risk posed by heavy metals in lime concretion black soil and quantify the risk contributions from different sources, an investigation of 217 surface soil samples and 56 subsoil samples was performed in the southern part of Suzhou City. Geochemical baseline values of soil heavy metals (Cr, Zn, Pb, Ni, Hg, Cu, Cd, As, Mn and Co) in the study area were calculated as 53.6, 61.5, 19.8, 27.6, 0.08, 18.4, 0.13, 12.9, 416.1 and 11.0 mg/kg, respectively, by using reference metal normalization and cumulative frequency curve methods. Subsequently, four potential sources of soil heavy metals were identified by the positive matrix factorization. Finally, the potential ecological risks arising from the identified sources were determined by the integrated model of positive matrix factorization and Hakanson potential ecological risk index. Results showed that the ecological risk posed by soil heavy metals in the study area ranged from low to moderate level. Hg and Cd were the two largest risk contributors, supplying 36.0% and 30.3% of total risk value. The origin of heavy metals in the soils is mostly related to four sources including agricultural activities, natural dispersion, coal consumption and traffic pollution. Source apportionment of the potential ecological risks revealed that the dominant risk source in the study area was natural dispersion (42.0%), followed by coal related industries (26.5%), agricultural activities (20.4%) and traffic pollution (11.1%). This work gives a clear baseline information of the heavy metal accumulations in lime concretion black soil and provides a successful case study for the source-oriented ecological risk assessment.

Suggested Citation

  • Qi Li & Jinming Zhang & Wen Ge & Peng Sun & Yafen Han & Husen Qiu & Shoubiao Zhou, 2021. "Geochemical Baseline Establishment and Source-Oriented Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Lime Concretion Black Soil from a Typical Agricultural Area," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-15, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:13:p:6859-:d:582764
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Song Chen & Cancan Wu & Shenshen Hong & Qianqian Chen, 2020. "Assessment, Distribution and Regional Geochemical Baseline of Heavy Metals in Soils of Densely Populated Area: A Case Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-11, March.
    2. Yanhong Li & Huifen Kuang & Chunhua Hu & Gang Ge, 2021. "Source Apportionment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Agricultural Soils around the Poyang Lake Region Using UNMIX Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-12, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Shu-chun Tseng & Chih-ming Liang & Taipau Chia & Shan-shin Ton, 2021. "Changes in the Composition of the Soil Bacterial Community in Heavy Metal-Contaminated Farmland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-15, August.

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