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Metal Ion Release from Engineered Stone Dust in Artificial Lysosomal Fluid—Variation with Time and Stone Type

Author

Listed:
  • Preeti Maharjan

    (Adelaide Exposure Science and Health, School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia)

  • Joseph Crea

    (Adelaide Exposure Science and Health, School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia)

  • Michael Tkaczuk

    (Adelaide Exposure Science and Health, School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia)

  • Sharyn Gaskin

    (Adelaide Exposure Science and Health, School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia)

  • Dino Pisaniello

    (Adelaide Exposure Science and Health, School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia)

Abstract

Inhalational exposure to dust from engineered stone (ES), also known as artificial or composite stone, is associated with a specific disease profile, namely accelerated silicosis, and scleroderma. The pathogenic mechanisms are poorly understood, particularly the role of resin and metal ions. Metal ions are present in pigments and constituent minerals and may be considered potential contributors to toxicity. The aim of this preliminary study was to understand the solubility of ES-containing metals in artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF) simulating the acidic intracellular environment of the lung macrophage lysosome. Differences with respect to ES types and temporal release were explored. Ten ES products of variable colour and company origin were comminuted and assessed for four different metals, solubilized into ALF solutions at 1,2,4 and 8 weeks at 37 °C. There was significant variability in metal release, particularly with regard to iron and manganese, which could be correlated with the reflected brightness of the stone. A majority of the available Mn, Fe, Al and Ti was solubilized. Time trends for metal release varied with ES type but also with metal ion. The data suggest a high metal ion bioavailability once engulfed by lung macrophages. There is a need to investigate a wider range of ES dust and relate metal content to markers of ES toxicity.

Suggested Citation

  • Preeti Maharjan & Joseph Crea & Michael Tkaczuk & Sharyn Gaskin & Dino Pisaniello, 2021. "Metal Ion Release from Engineered Stone Dust in Artificial Lysosomal Fluid—Variation with Time and Stone Type," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-11, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:12:p:6391-:d:574173
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Aurélie Pelfrêne & Mark R. Cave & Joanna Wragg & Francis Douay, 2017. "In Vitro Investigations of Human Bioaccessibility from Reference Materials Using Simulated Lung Fluids," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-15, January.
    2. Veruscka Leso & Luca Fontana & Rosaria Romano & Paola Gervetti & Ivo Iavicoli, 2019. "Artificial Stone Associated Silicosis: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-17, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Chandnee Ramkissoon & Sharyn Gaskin & Yong Song & Dino Pisaniello & Graeme R. Zosky, 2024. "From Engineered Stone Slab to Silicosis: A Synthesis of Exposure Science and Medical Evidence," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(6), pages 1-15, May.

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