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Alcohol and Tobacco Use in a Tuberculosis Treatment Cohort during South Africa’s COVID-19 Sales Bans: A Case Series

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  • Bronwyn Myers

    (Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
    Division of Addiction Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7701, South Africa)

  • Tara Carney

    (Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
    Division of Addiction Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7701, South Africa)

  • Jennifer Rooney

    (Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02119, USA)

  • Samantha Malatesta

    (Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02119, USA)

  • Laura F. White

    (Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02119, USA)

  • Charles D. H. Parry

    (Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
    Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa)

  • Tara C. Bouton

    (Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02119, USA)

  • Elizabeth J. Ragan

    (Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02119, USA)

  • Charles Robert Horsburgh

    (Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02119, USA
    Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02119, USA)

  • Robin M. Warren

    (Department of Science and Innovation, National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South Africa Medical Research Council for Tuberculosis Research, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa)

  • Karen R. Jacobson

    (Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02119, USA)

Abstract

Background: South Africa temporarily banned alcohol and tobacco sales for about 20 weeks during the COVID-19 lockdown. We described changes in alcohol and tobacco consumption after implementation of these restrictions among a small number of participants in a tuberculosis treatment cohort. Method: The timeline follow-back procedure and Fägerstrom test for nicotine dependence was used to collect monthly alcohol and tobacco use information. We report changes in heavy drinking days (HDD), average amount of absolute alcohol (AA) consumed per drinking day, and cigarettes smoked daily during the alcohol and tobacco ban compared to use prior to the ban. Results: Of the 61 participants for whom we have pre-ban and within-ban alcohol use information, 17 (27.9%) reported within-ban alcohol use. On average, participants reported one less HDD per fortnight (interquartile range (IQR): −4, 1), but their amount of AA consumed increased by 37.4 g per drinking occasion (IQR: −65.9 g, 71.0 g). Of 53 participants who reported pre-ban tobacco use, 17 (32.1%) stopped smoking during the ban. The number of participants smoking >10 cigarettes per day decreased from 8 to 1. Conclusions: From these observations, we hypothesize that policies restricting alcohol and tobacco availability seem to enable some individuals to reduce their consumption. However, these appear to have little effect on the volume of AA consumed among individuals with more harmful patterns of drinking in the absence of additional behavior change interventions.

Suggested Citation

  • Bronwyn Myers & Tara Carney & Jennifer Rooney & Samantha Malatesta & Laura F. White & Charles D. H. Parry & Tara C. Bouton & Elizabeth J. Ragan & Charles Robert Horsburgh & Robin M. Warren & Karen R. , 2021. "Alcohol and Tobacco Use in a Tuberculosis Treatment Cohort during South Africa’s COVID-19 Sales Bans: A Case Series," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-9, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:10:p:5449-:d:558104
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Elyse R. Grossman & Sara E. Benjamin-Neelon & Susan Sonnenschein, 2020. "Alcohol Consumption during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey of US Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-10, December.
    2. Petal Petersen Williams & Carrie Brooke-Sumner & John Joska & James Kruger & Lieve Vanleeuw & Siphokazi Dada & Katherine Sorsdahl & Bronwyn Myers, 2020. "Young South African Women on Antiretroviral Therapy Perceptions of a Psychological Counselling Program to Reduce Heavy Drinking and Depression," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-16, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Maria Y. Charumbira & Karina Berner & Quinette A. Louw, 2022. "Functioning Problems Associated with Health Conditions with Greatest Disease Burden in South Africa: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-30, November.

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